抽余C5加氢单元催化剂失活原因分析及解决措施
2019-12-13徐巧玲祁文博
徐巧玲 祁文博



摘 要: 镇海炼化公司抽余C5加氢单元2015年8月开工以来,催化剂活性多次快速失活,装置运行周期短。为查找催化剂失活原因,从装置运行工况、物料性质和杂质展开了全面排查,排查出可疑毒物CO、CO2、NH3(MDEA)和H2S,并委托大连石油化工研究院进行了验证性实验,确定毒物并采取针对性措施后,催化剂活性恢复,装置转入正常运行。
关 键 词:C5抽余油;催化剂失活;加氢;一氧化碳;氮气;硫化氢
中图分类号:TE 624 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2019)08-1881-04
Abstract: Since the starting of C5 extractive oil hydrogenation unit in August 2015, the catalyst of R200 reactor deactivated frequently, which resulted in a short running cycle of hydrogenation unit. In order to find out the causes of catalyst deactivation, we checked the device operating conditions, material properties and impurities, and we finally found the suspected poison, such as CO, NH3(MDEA), CO2, H2S. Then Dalian research institute of petroleum and petrochemicals was commissioned to complete verification experiment to find the poison, and many corresponding measures were used to recover the activity of catalysts. Now the unit can operate normally.
Key words: C5 extractive oil; Catalyst deactivation; Hydrogenation; CO; NH3; H2S
镇海炼化公司2015年8月在120×104 t/a焦化汽油加氢装置(简称Ⅱ加氢)上,增加抽余C5加氢反应器R200,用于加工外来8 t/h C5抽余油,饱和C5该物料中约10%的二烯烃;同时用7倍非芳(56 t/h)进行稀释,控制反应器R200的反应温升,避免二烯烃聚合和超温。反应产品与焦化汽油一起混合后进入加氢反应器R201、R202,进行加氢饱和后作乙烯裂解装置的原料[1-4]。
1 装置概况
装置简要流程:外来C5抽余油经原料脱水器(FI401)脱水后与非芳汽油按1∶7比例混合后进入预加氢进料泵,增压至5.6 MPa(G)后与循环氢混合后进入预加氢进料换热器(E271),与预反应流出物换热后经预加氢进料加热器(E270)加热,再与循环氢压缩机(C202)出口循环氢混合后进入预加氢反应器(R200)。在催化剂的作用下进行二烯烃饱和反应。预加氢反应器设置两个催化剂床层,床层间设有注冷氢设施,急冷氢来自循环氢压缩机(C202)出口循环氢。预加氢反应器(R200)出来的预加氢反应产物经过预加氢进料换热器(E271)与混合进料换热后,进入Ⅱ加氢反应流出物/混合进油换热器(E202AB),后进入焦化汽油加氢反应器(R201)(图1)。……
