李耀华 杨启东 曲亚飞 师浩浩 孟祥臻 焦森

摘要：针对永磁同步电机（PMSM）直接转矩控制（DTC）合理利用零电压矢量的问题，分析了零电压矢量对磁链和转矩的作用。零电压矢量缓慢减小定子磁链幅值和转矩，可用于永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统，且可通过优化选择零电压矢量对应的开关状态来减小开关次数。基于零电压矢量和非零电压矢量对系统静、动状态下的不同影响，提出根据系统所处状态自适应选择不同的电压矢量来提高系统综合性能的开关表。仿真结果表明提出的开关表能满足永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统控制需求。与传统直接转矩控制开关表相比，自适应变电压矢量开关表能有效降低系统转矩脉动，降低系统开关次数，进而减小开关损耗。与含零电压矢量开关表相比，提升了系统动态响应。

关键词：永磁同步电机;直接转矩控制;开关表;零电压矢量;开关次数;动态响应

DOI：10.15938/j.emc.2019.09.010

中图分类号：TM 351;TM 341

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1007-449X（2019）09-0075-09

Adaptive variable voltage vectors switching table in direct  torque control for PMSM

LI Yao hua，YANG Qi dong，QU Ya fei，SHI Hao hao，MENG Xiang zhen，JIAO Sen

（School of Automobile， Chang′an University， Xi′an 710064， China）

Abstract：

Aiming to use zero voltage vector properly in direct torque control （DTC） of permanent magnet synchronous motor （PMSM） system， effects of zero voltage vector on stator flux and torque were analyzed. As zero voltage vector decreases the amplitude of stator flux and torque slowly， it can be used in PMSM DTC system to decrease switching times. Based on effects of zero voltage vector and non zero voltage vector on the system， a switching table to improve overall performance of system was proposed which selects different voltage vector adaptively according to state of the system. Simulation results show that the proposed switch table can meet the control requirements of the system. Compared with conventional switching table， torque ripples are reduced significantly under control of the proposed switching table. Switching times are reduced， therefore， switching losses are decreased. Compared with switching table using zero voltage vector， the proposed switching table can achieve better torque and stator flux′s response.

Keywords：permanent magnet synchronous motor; direct torque control; switching table; zero voltage vector; switching times; dynamic response

0引言

永磁同步電机具有效率高、功率密度优异、动态性能卓越等特点，广泛用于诸多领域。直接转矩控制对电机参数依赖性小，以其快速的转矩响应、优良的动态性能受到广泛关注，是一种高性能的控制策略。早期学者研究表明在永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统中，必须忽略零电压矢量，系统才能正常工作。近年来的研究则认为零电压矢量在永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统中具有保持转矩的作用，使用零电压矢量能减小转矩脉动。……