超临界CO2萃取辣椒副产物中的辣椒碱
2019-10-21李晗邵超王新颖吕晓光杨保仑崔巍
李晗 邵超 王新颖 吕晓光 杨保仑 崔巍



摘 要:本试验以辣椒副产物(脱色辣椒粉)为原料,采用超临界流体萃取技术系统开展了辣椒综合开发利用的工艺研究。通过实验研究得出了超临界流体C02萃取辣椒碱的适宜工艺方法和工艺条件,得出超临界流体萃取辣椒碱的提取纯度及得率。
关键词:超临界CO2;辣椒副产物;辣椒碱;萃取
Abstract:In this experiment, the pepper by-product (decolorized paprika) was used as raw material, and the technology of comprehensive development and utilization of pepper was systematically carried out by supercritical fluid extraction technology. Through experimental research, the suitable process and process conditions for supercritical fluid CO2 extraction of capsaicin were obtained. The effects of extraction parameters such as extraction pressure, extraction temperature, separation pressure and separation temperature on the content and yield of capsaicin were studied. The orthogonal experimental results of capsaicin content, capsaicin yield and comprehensive index were carried out. The analysis shows the suitable process and process conditions for supercritical fluid extraction of capsaicin.
Key words:Supercritical CO2; By-products of capsicum; Capsaicin; Extraction
中图分类号:R151
目前,白城地区辣椒种植面积2.67万公顷,产量达到9万吨。辣椒深加工产品主要是辣椒红色素。利用超临界CO2萃取的方法,从生产辣椒红素副产物中提取辣椒碱,可提高辣椒副产品的综合利用能力,辣椒碱具有极高的药用价值和经济价值,可以用于医药、饮食保健、生物农药、化工以及军事等多個领域。增加了企业效益,促进辣椒产业的健康发展,更好地带动地区经济发展。
1 材料与方法
1.1 材料、试剂与仪器
脱色辣椒粉、辣椒碱标准品(纯度≥98%)、二氢辣椒碱标准品(纯度98%);正己烷、乙酸乙酯、三氯甲烷、甲醇、乙腈,均为色谱纯;磷酸为分析纯,水为超纯水。
超临界CO2萃取仪、电子天平、高效液相色谱仪、旋转蒸发仪、循环水式真空泵。
1.2 方法
取干燥脱色辣椒粉10.0 kg,首先将原料装入萃取器,通过超临界CO2萃取,得到富含辣椒素的粗提物54.2 g,之后将该粗提物经过减压硅胶柱层析(300目),以正己烷-乙酸乙酯梯度洗脱,每60 mL作为一个洗脱流份,在洗脱过程中,通过薄层层析检测合并相同流份,经与标准品对照,在正己烷-乙酸乙酯洗脱部位,富集得到22.25 g辣椒素粗品(主含辣椒碱和二氢辣椒碱)。……
