王永芳 李智慧 籍俊杰 董志平 马继芳

摘要 为验证可清除播种行麦秸的玉米灭茬清垄免耕播种机在预防二点委夜蛾为害中的实际应用效果，以传统玉米免耕播种机为对照，进行了2种播种机对幼虫为害防控的田间试验。结果表明，灭茬清垄播种机，可使播种带15 cm宽度范围内无麦秸覆盖，玉米出苗后不被麦秸围棵，破坏了二点委夜蛾的适生环境，对幼虫为害的防效可达100%;而传统玉米播种机，播种带宽度仅0～7 cm，仍会有麦茬麦秸覆盖其中，对二点委夜蛾危害的预防效果较差。

关键词 二点委夜蛾;防控;玉米灭茬清垄播种机

中图分类号：S435.132 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-3305（2019）05-018-02

DOI： 10.19383/j.cnki.nyzhyj.2019.05.009

Evaluation on Control Effect of a No？鄄tillage Maize Planter with Stubble Cleaning on Athetis lepigone

WANG Yong-fang  et al（Institute of Millet Research，Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/National Millet Improvement Center/Hebei Key Laboratory of Miscellaneous Grain，Shijiazhuang，Hebei 050035）

Abstract In order to verify the practical application effect of no？鄄tillage maize planter with stubble cleaning in preventing the harm of Athetis lepigone，field experiments on larval damage control of two kinds of seeders were carried out with traditional no？鄄tillage maize seeder as control. The results showed that the stubble clearing seeder could make the sowing belt 15 cm wide without wheat straw mulching，and maize could not be enclosed by wheat straw after emergence，which destroyed the suitable environment of Athetis lepigone，and the control effect on larvae could reach 100%. However，the traditional maize seeder，whose sowing bandwidth was only 0-7 cm，will still be covered with wheat stubble，which had poor prevention effect on the harm of Athetis lepigone.

Key words   Athetis lepigone;Prevention and control;Maize stubble cleaning seeder

二點委夜蛾是危害夏玉米的重要害虫，主要以幼虫躲避在麦秸下钻蛀幼苗茎基部，造成枯心苗或倒伏[1]。其发生、危害与小麦秸秆还田后的田间生态密切相关，被农业部列入重大害虫[2-3]。该虫为害隐蔽、虫量大、为害速度快，3～5 d即可造成大量死苗[4-5]。因此破坏其适生环境、防患于未然是二点委夜蛾危害最经济高效的防控策略，符合“预防为主，综合防控”的植保方针。其中使用具有灭茬清垄功能的播种机进行机械化清除播种行麦秸的方法更为省工省时、简便高效[6]。2018年笔者对2BMQ？鄄4型玉米灭茬清垄免耕播种机[7-8]预防二点委夜蛾幼虫为害的效果进行了田间试验，以期为该播种机及灭茬清垄措施在二点委夜蛾防控方面的可行性及有益效果提供依据。

1 材料与方法

试验于2018年在河北省正定县七吉村进行。……