刘英华

[摘要]目的 探讨全面护理对高血压脑出血（CH）患者术后肺部感染情况及预后的影响。方法 选择2016年1月～2017年12月在我院治疗的80例高血压CH患者，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组，每组各40例。对照组采取常规护理干预，观察组在对照组基础上给予全面护理，比较两组肺部感染率、病死率及生活质量。结果 观察组肺部总感染率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;随访1年，观察组病死率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预1年后，观察组生活质量评分明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 高血压CH患者实施全面护理能明显降低肺部病菌感染率和病死率，提高生活质量，并促进疾病康复，值得临床应用和推广。

[关键词]高血压脑出血;全面护理;肺部感染;预后;生活质量

[中图分类号] R473.6          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2019）7（a）-0222-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing on pulmonary infection and prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage （CH） after operation. Methods A total of 80 patients with hypertensive CH treated in our hospital from October 2016 to October 2018 were selected. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method， 40 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing， while the observation group was given comprehensive nursing on the basis of the control group. The pulmonary infection rate， mortality rate and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The pulmonary total infection rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）， and the mortality in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. After one year of intervention， the quality of life score in the observation group was significant higher than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Comprehensive nursing care for patients with hypertensive is conducive to reducing the pulmonary infection rate and mortality rate and promoting the rehabilitation of patients.

[Key words] Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage; Comprehensive nursing; Pulmonary infection; Prognosis; Quality of life

高血压是指以循环动脉血压增高为主要特征，可伴有心、脑、肾等器官功能或器质性损害的临床综合征[1]。高血压脑出血（CH）是高血压病最严重的并发症，常发生于50～70岁人群，男性略多，冬春季易发[2]。高血压病常导致脑底的小动脉发生病理性变化，导致小动脉的管壁发生玻璃样或纤维样变性、局灶性出血、缺血壞死，很大程度上削弱血管壁的强度，出现局限性的扩张，并可形成微小动脉瘤，常因情绪激动、过度脑力与体力劳动或其他因素引起血压骤然升高，导致已病变的脑血管破裂出血[3]。目前临床上主要的治疗方式以手术为主，最大程度的挽救重症患者的生命及促进神经功能恢复，也对护理工作提出了更高的要求[4]。全面护理是临床护理较常用的一种护理模式，其主要对患者进行全面的评估，结合患者具体情况实施全面的护理干预，以促进患者康复[5]。本研究探讨全面护理对高血压CH患者术后肺部感染情况及预后的影响，现报道如下。……