谢芬

【摘要】 目的：探讨自我效能干预在减轻肛瘘患者术后疼痛、降低并发症中的作用。方法：选取笔者所在医院2017年5月-2018年5月74例肛瘘患者，根据数表法分为观察组（自我效能干预+常规护理）与对照组（常规护理），每组37例。对比两组患者术后疼痛情况、自我护理能力及并发症发生情况。结果：干预前两组患者术后疼痛评分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），干预后两组均显著下降，其中观察组评分明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组自我护理能力各项评分均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组并发症发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：自我效能干预在减轻肛瘘患者术后疼痛、降低并发症中的作用显著，可提升患者自我护理能力，值得推广。

【关键词】 肛瘘; 疼痛; 自我效能

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.16.076 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2019）16-0-02

【Abstract】 Objective：To explore the role of self-efficacy intervention in reducing postoperative pain and complications in patients with anal fistula.Method：A total of 74 anal fistula patients in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2018 were selected and divided into observation group （self-efficacy intervention + routine nursing） and control group （routine nursing） according to the number table method，37 cases in each group.The postoperative pain，self-care ability and complications were compared between the two groups.Result：There was no significant difference in postoperative pain score between the two groups before intervention（P>0.05），but decreased significantly after intervention.The score of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group（P<0.05）.The scores of self-nursing ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Self-efficacy intervention plays a significant role in alleviating postoperative pain and reducing complications in patients with anal fistula，which can improve patients' self-care ability and is worthy of promotion.

【Key words】 Anal fistula; Pain; Self-efficacy

First-authors address：Xiantao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Xiantao 433000，China

自我效能指人對自己是否能够成功地进行某一成就行为的主观判断，它与自我能力感是同义的[1]。肛瘘是发生在肛门直肠周围的脓肿溃破或切口引流的后遗病变，临床治疗常采用手术治疗，患者术后常伴有疼痛感，且部分患者由于缺乏疾病认知度，紧张、恐惧等负性情绪较多，治疗依从性较差，对预后造成一定影响。本次研究中，在观察组常规护理中加入自我效能干预，效果满意，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取笔者所在医院2017年5月-2018年5月收治的74例肛瘘患者。纳入标准：均自愿参与;无精神疾病史或认知功能障碍;无合并其他严重脏器疾病者;依从性较好者。排除标准：围生期及哺乳期患者;具有免疫系统疾病者;中途退出者。根据数表法分为观察组与对照组，每组37例。观察组男20例，女17例，年龄28～60岁，平均（45.36±2.67）岁;对照组男22例，女15例，年龄28～59岁，平均（45.37±2.46）岁。两组患者一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。