朱泽敏 张东波 张莹 汪忠

摘   要：针对槟榔去核工序中槟榔内核轮廓检测问题，提出一种基于语义分割的槟榔内核轮廓检测方法。分割模型以VGG16为基础网络，将全连接层替换为卷积层，增加了跳跃结构，将浅层特征经过采样后在同一尺度下与深层特征进行融合，并将常规卷积替换成扩张卷积，减少了学习参数，提升了分割模型的实时性，得到最终的FCN-Dilated-VGG-8s分割模型。该模型对槟榔图像分割的准确率达到98.79%，单张图像分割只需0.071 s，模型大小只有FCN-VGG-8s模型的37.5%。算法表现出良好的鲁棒性，实现了槟榔图像准确、快速分割。通过对分割完后的图像的边界提取，即可得到完整平滑的槟榔内核轮廓线。

关键词：语义分割;边缘检测;深度学习;全卷积网络;扩张卷积

中图分类号：TP391.4                                                 文献标识码：A

Betel Nut Stones Contour Detection Based on Semantic Segmentation

ZHU Ze-min1，ZHANG Dong-bo1，2？覮，ZHANG Ying1，2，WANG Zhong1

（1. College of Information Engineering ，Xiangtan University ，Xiangtan，Hunan 411105，China;

2. National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception & Control Technology，Changsha，Hunan 410012，China）

Abstract：A method for the detection of betel nut stones contour based on semantic segmentation is proposed. The segmentation model is based on VGG16，among it the fully connected layer is replaced with convolution layer，moreover a jump structure is introduced，and the lower level features are merged with higher level deep features under the same scale，in addition we replace the conventional convolution with the dilated convolution，it results in reduced learning parameters，the real-time performance of the segmentation model is improved. By above process，the final FCN-Dilated-VGG-8s segmentation model is obtained. The accuracy of the model is 98.79% for betel nut image segmentation，and cost of single image segmentation is only 0.071s，and the model complexity is only 37.5% of the FCN-VGG-8s model. The algorithm shows good robustness and achieves accurate and quick segmentation of betel nut images. By extracting the boundary of the segmented image，a complete and smooth betel nut outline can be obtained.

Key words：semantic segmentation;edge detection;deep learning;full convolution network;dilated convolution

槟榔是一种快速消费食品，目前国内市场出售的槟榔通常属于烟果槟榔，其加工工艺比较复杂，加工主要流程包括选籽→碱洗→水洗→泡制→烘烤→表皮加香→切籽→去核→点卤→干燥→包装→成品等十几道工艺[1]。由于槟榔加工过程中经过挤压后形状变得极不规则（图1），因此其中三道关键工艺：切籽、去核和点卤工序目前通常由人工操作，由于每天加工量巨大，因此槟榔厂在上述三道工序上耗费的人工是很大的，由于人力成本逐年增加，而且生产环境有较强的刺激性气味[2]，因此對槟榔厂来说，招工的成本很高而且比较困难。为了降低人工成本，同时提高生产效率和产品品质，槟榔加工过程亟需提高自动化程度。……