吴小英 费芳琴

[摘要] 目的 调查居家慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的护理依赖现状，并探讨不同人口学和疾病特征对CHF患者护理依赖现状的影响。 方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2017年1月～6月湖州4所医院诊治且出院后居家CHF患者163例为研究对象。采用一般问卷及护理依赖量表进行横断面调查，采用统计学描述及多元线性回归分析数据。 结果 湖州居家CHF患者护理依赖量表评分为（48.58±18.26）分。居家CHF患者护理依赖的影响因素分析中，心功能分级、文化程度、病程、年龄等因素进入回归方程，可解释总变异量58.7%。 结论 湖州居家CHF患者护理依赖水平处于中等水平，其影响因素为心功能分级、文化程度、病程、年龄。居家CHF患者具有家庭和社区所不能满足的护理需求。应加大社区和家庭护士的人力资源投入。

[关键词] 心力衰竭;护理依赖;影响因素

[中图分类号] R473.5          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-7210（2019）03（a）-0170-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the status of care dependency of patients with chronic heart failure（CHF），and to explore the effects of different demographic and clinical features on care dependency. Methods From January to June 2017， a total of 163 patients with chronic heart failure at home were selected from 4 hospitals in Huzhou with the convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with general questionnaire and care dependency scale. Statistical descriptions and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results The score of care dependency scale of patients with chronic heart failure patients at home in Huzhou was （48.58±18.26）points. Influencing factors of care dependency of CHF patients at home were analyzed. The factors such as heart function classification， education level， course of disease， age and so on entered the regression equation， which could explain 58.7% of the total variance. Conclusion The level of care dependency of CHF patients at home in Huzhou is at a moderate level. The influencing factors are heart function classification， education level， course of disease and age. CHF patients at home have nursing needs that families and communities can′t meet. The human resources input of community and family nurses should be increased.

[Key words] Heart Failure; Care dependency; Influencing factors

慢性心力衰竭（chronic heart failure，CHF），又称心衰，是各种心脏疾病引起心功能不全的一种临床综合征[1-3]。该疾病的发展呈慢性持续过程，因症状的逐渐加重，CHF患者的活动耐力下降，导致其部分或完全护理依赖[4-5]。护理依赖是指患者由于疾病的關系，自身身体机能被限制或出现缺陷，从而产生的需要依靠其他人给予支持与帮助的临时、长期或者永久的状态[6-7]。目前，国内鲜有关于CHF护理依赖的研究，尤其是居家CHF患者，本研究拟了解居家CHF患者的护理依赖现状，准确评估居家CHF患者的全面护理需求，为延续护理及满足社区家庭护理需求的护理人员的配备提供参考依据。……