肱骨远端C型骨折不同手术方式的疗效比较
2019-04-21廖春来罗筱玮黄梦全郭乃铭彭俊赖秋练李裕标
廖春来 罗筱玮 黄梦全 郭乃铭 彭俊 赖秋练 李裕标



【摘要】 目的:比较肱骨远端C型骨折两种不同手术方式的疗效和适应证。方法:分别采用两种手术方式治疗肱骨远端C型骨折56例,其中尺骨鹰嘴截骨组(A组)30例,肱三头肌两侧联合入路组(B组)26例。结果:入选病例均获随访11~36个月,平均(15.00±1.52)个月。两组均未发生骨不连、内固定断裂、关节腔感染、迟发型尺神经炎、肘关节僵硬等并发症。骨折愈合时间为12~24周,A组平均(17.6±2.8)周,B组平均(18.4±3.2)周(P>0.05)。A组手术时间、X线暴露时间明显短于B组(P<0.05)。肘关节功能根据改良Cassebaum法进行评分,A组与B组优良率分别为80.0%和80.8%(P>0.05);两种方式各组内不同分型的优良率均随着骨折复杂程度的提高呈现递减趋势(P<0.05)。结论:本研究推荐C1型和C2型采用经肱三头肌双侧联合入路,C3型骨折或C2型肥胖患者采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路,这两种入路根据骨折分型可在术中灵活变化,能满足肱骨远端各种类型骨折复位固定的需要。
【关键词】 肱骨远端骨折 尺骨鹰嘴截骨术 肱三头肌联合入路 骨折固定术
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.30.004 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1674-6805(2019)30-000-04
[Abstract] Objective: To compare the efficacy and indication of the two operative treatments of type C intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus.Method: Fifty-six cases of distal humerus C-type fractures were treated by two surgical methods, including 30 cases in the olecranon group (group A) and 26 cases in the triceps combined approach group (group B). Result: All cases were followed up for 11~36 months, with an average of (15.00±1.52) months, and without complications such as fracture nonunion, implant rupture, infection of articular cavity, delayed ulnar neuritis, elbow stiffness occurred in the two groups. Fracture healing time was 12~24 weeks,(17.6±2.8) weeks in group A and (18.4±3.2) weeks in Group B (P>0.05). The duration of operation and X-ray exposure in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B (P<0.05). Postoperative elbow function scoring according to the improved Cassebaum scoring system, the excellent and good rates in group A and group B were 80.0% and 80.8% respectively,difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The excellent and good rates of different types in each group showed a decreasing trend with the increase of fracture complexity (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study recommend that the C1 and C2 type operation with bilateral triceps approaches, C3 and the obese or muscular of C2 type operation with ulna olecranon osteotomy. The two approaches are flexible in the fractal and intraoperative condition, which can meet the need for the fixation of various types C intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus.
[Key words] Distal humerus fracture Olecranon osteotomy Triceps-sparing approach Fracture fixation
First-authors address: Southern Theater Air Force Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou 510602, China
肱骨遠端骨折是关节内的一种严重创伤,占肘部骨折的30%,好发于青壮年[1],其中AO分型为C型的骨折占肱骨远端骨折的96%[2],常呈粉碎性,因解剖结构特殊,复位内固定困难。近年来随着技术的进步使其治疗效果得到明显改善[3],但仍然低于其他关节周围骨折的手术效果。本文纳入2010年5月-2017年12月分别采用尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路和肱三头肌双侧联合入路治疗的56例肱骨远端骨折患者,现回顾性分析报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
入选病例共56例,纳入标准:(1)外伤史;(2)局部的急性肿痛、压痛、骨擦感和假关节异常活动;(3)AO分型属C型骨折;(4)闭合骨折或开放骨折经清创闭合创口无感染者。排除标准:(1)肢体毁损或伴大血管、神经损伤者;(2)合并肱骨干多段骨折或肘部恐怖三联征者;(3)A型或B型骨折;(4)术后失访者。……p>
