刘瑶瑶

[摘要] 目的 觀察腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢囊肿的临床治疗效果。 方法 选取2016年1月～2017年1月我院住院治疗的卵巢囊肿患者60例，所有患者根据治疗方法不同分为腹腔镜组与对照组，各30例，对照组采用传统开腹卵巢囊肿剥除术，腹腔镜组采用腹腔镜手术，对比两组的各项手术观察指标及术后并发症、性激素水平术前术后的变化情况。 结果 腹腔镜组患者的平均手术时间、术后下床活动时间、平均住院时间分别显著短于对照组，且腹腔镜组患者的平均术中出血量明显少于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术前腹腔镜组患者的FSH、LH、E2水平与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后3个月，腹腔镜组患者的FSH、LH 水平与对照组比较显著升高，E2水平与对照组比较显著降低，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。腹腔镜组患者的手术并发症发病率达6.6%，显著低于对照组的40.0%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢囊肿效果确切，能显著改善性激素水平，降低术后并发症发生率，值得广泛推广和应用。

[关键词] 卵巢囊肿；腹腔镜手术；性激素；并发症

[中图分类号] R713.6 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）25-0058-03

[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical effect of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of ovarian cysts. Methods 60 patients with ovarian cysts who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected. All patients were divided into laparoscopic group and control group according to different treatment methods， with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given traditional open oophorocystectomy. The laparoscopic group was given laparoscopic surgery. The surgical observation indices， postoperative complications， and changes in sex hormone levels before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results In the laparoscopic group， the average surgery time， postoperative off-bed activity time， and average length of hospital stay were significantly shorter than those in the control group. The mean intraoperative blood loss in the laparoscopic group was significantly less than that in the control group. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups（P<0.05）. The preoperative levels of FSH， LH， and E2 in the laparoscopic group were not significantly different from those in the control group （P>0.05）. At 3 months after surgery， the levels of FSH and LH in the laparoscopic group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The level of E2 was significantly lower than that in the control group， and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The incidence rate of surgical complications in the laparoscopic group was 6.6%， which was significantly lower than that in the control group（40.0%）. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups（P<0.05）. Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery is effective in the treatment of ovarian cysts. It can significantly improve the level of sex hormones and reduce the incidence rate of postoperative complications， which is worthy of extensive promotion and application.

[Key words] Ovarian cysts； Laparoscopic surgery； Sex hormone； Complications

卵巢囊肿是妇科常见的良性卵巢肿瘤，包括子宫内膜异位囊肿、畸胎瘤、卵巢上皮性良性肿瘤、滤泡囊肿、单纯性囊肿、黄体囊肿等[1]，好发于30～50岁，早期多无明显症状，常在妇科检查时偶然发现。良性卵巢囊肿当其直径>5 cm时则需采取手术治疗[2]。但传统开腹手术存在创伤大、术后恢复慢、术后盆腔粘连等并发症，发生率高。近年来，随着微创技术的不断发展，腹腔镜手术已经成为卵巢良性成熟畸胎瘤、单纯囊肿、上皮性囊肿、卵巢冠囊肿等良性卵巢囊肿的首选手术方式[3-6]，本研究旨在探讨腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢囊肿的临床效果，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法