经皮椎间孔镜减压治疗老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄症的效果分析
2018-12-21张杰杨金维焦洪新
张杰 杨金维 焦洪新
[摘要]目的 探讨经皮椎间孔镜减压治疗老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄症的安全性及有效性。方法 选取我院2015年11月~2017年10月收治的23例65岁以上腰椎侧隐窝狭窄患者作为研究对象,均采用经皮椎间孔镜对侧隐窝“入口区”及“出口区”进行减压及神经根松解,比较术前及术后末次随访视觉模拟评分法(VAS)及Oswestry功能障碍指数问卷表(ODI)指数,并采用改良MacNab评价疗效。结果 术后随访VAS评分为(1.48±0.95)分,低于术前的(8.17±0.94)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);术后随访ODI指数为(22.01±7.86),低于术前的(68.96±7.97),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);术后效果用改良MacNab评定标准评价,其中优12例,良9例,可2例,差0例,优良率为91.3%。 结论 经皮椎间孔镜减压治疗老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄症安全有效,微创且并发症少,是一种容易被老年患者接受的治疗方式。
[关键词]椎间孔镜;腰椎侧隐窝狭窄症;老年;微创治疗
[中图分类号] R687.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)9(a)-0100-03
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic decompression in the treatment of elderly lumbar lateral recess stenosis. Methods Twenty-three patients aged over 65 years with lumbar lateral recess stenosis admitted to our hospital from November 2015 to October 2017 were selected as study subjects. Percutaneous transforaminal endoscope was used for the “entrance” and “exit” of the lateral recess stenosis for decompression and nerve roots loosening. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Oswestry disability index (ODI) in the last follow-up before and after the operation were compared. The modified MacNab was used to evaluate the efficacy. Results The VAS score in last follow-up after the operation was (1.48±0.95) points, lower than that before the operation, (8.17±0.94) points, which was displayed significant difference (P<0.01). The ODI in the last follow-up after the operation was (22.01±7.86), which was lower than that before the operation, (68.96±7.97) with significant difference (P<0.01). The postoperative effect was evaluated using the modified MacNab, Including 12 excellent cases, 9 good cases, 2 fair cases,and 0 poor case. The excellent and good rate was 91.3%. Conclusion Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic decompression in the treatment of elderly lumbar lateral recess stenosis is safe, effective, minimal invasion, and few complications, which is easily accepted by the majority of elderly patients.
[Key words] Percutaneous transforaminal endoscope; Lumbar lateral recess stenosis; Elderly; Minimally invasive treatment
老年退行性腰椎管狹窄症(DLSS)是腰腿痛常见病因,临床表现为长期腰骶腿部疼痛,双下肢逐渐感觉麻木无力,行走困难,间歇性跛行,大小便异常,甚至截瘫等[1]。随着社会人口老龄化,DLSS导致老年人腰腿痛比例逐年增加,张峡等[2]报告50例DLSS病例中,腰椎侧隐窝狭窄47例,占比94%。传统保守治疗疗效欠佳,开放手术治疗具有创伤大、手术风险高,破坏脊柱正常生理解剖结构,导致脊柱不稳等缺点。椎间孔镜技术通过微创技术镜下准确摘除髓核减压神经根,具有创伤小,出血少,康复快等优点,是一种微创治疗手段[3-4]。目前有临床报道而且其治疗效果满意[5]。本研究采用经皮椎间孔镜减压治疗65岁及以上老年腰椎侧隐窝狭窄症,效果满意,现报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取我院2015年11月~2017年10月收治的DLSS 23例,其中男15例,女8例;年龄65~82岁,平均69.5岁。均有反复发作的腰腿痛伴间歇性跛行,跛行距离为50~500 m,直腿抬高试验阴性19例,阳性4例;……
