姜明栋 沈晓梅 王彦滢 王蕾

摘要：从水污染减排、水环境整治、水资源管理、水功能提升四个方面全面解读河长制推行的目标，在此基础上构建江苏省河长制推行成效评价体系，利用江苏省设区市2006-2015年的空间面板数据，系统分析江苏省河长制推行成果的现状和地区差异。研究发现，在河长制诞生的十年间，其推行成效经历了2010年以前的高速成长期、2011-2012年的波动成长期以及2013年至今的快速发展期；在空间层面，河长制推行成效水平呈现苏南、苏中、苏北递减的现象；而近三年江苏省区域间河长制推行成效水平的增长呈现出“北快南慢”的格局，河长制推行的空间差异逐渐缩小。建议今后进一步完善河长制考评和奖惩体系，加强水生态文明建设的技术研究和推广，并充分利用民间治水力量和资本，推进城乡河长制同步推广。

关键词：河长制；评价体系；时空差异；水生态文明建设；江苏省

中图分类号：F590文献标志码：A文章编号：16721683（2018）03020108

Evaluation and temporalspatial differences of the effectiveness of

the River Chief system in Jiangsu Province

JIANG Mingdong1，SHEN Xiaomei2，WANG Yanying1，WANG Lei1

（1.School of Business Administration of Hohai University，Changzhou 213022，China；

2.Yancheng Institute of Technology，Yancheng 224051，China）

Abstract：This paper comprehensively interprets the targets of RCS （River Chief System） from four aspects，which are water pollution reduction，water environment improvement，water resources management，and water function improvement.On this basis，it builds the effectiveness evaluation system of RCS in Jiangsu. According to the spatial panel data of cities and districts in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2015，this paper systematically analyzes the present situation and regional differences of the implementation of RCS in Jiangsu Province.It is found that during the first decade since the RCS was implemented，its effectiveness has experienced a rapid growth period before 2010，a fluctuating growth period from 2011-2012，and a rapid development period from 2013 to the present.At the spatial level，the effectiveness of the RCS tends to diminish from southern Jiangsu to middle Jiangsu and to northern Jiangsu.In the recent three years，the growth of effectiveness of RCS in Jiangsu Province is fast in the north and slow in the south， and the spatial difference has gradually narrowed.Finally，the paper puts forward the following suggestions：to improve the evaluation system as well as reward and punishment system of the RCS，to strengthen the research and promotion of the technologies of water ecological civilization construction，to promote the RCS in urban and rural areas simultaneously，and to make full use of civil forces and capital for water control.

Key words：river chief system；evaluation system；temporalspatial differences；water ecological civilization construction；Jiangsu Province

改革开放以来，我国经济社会快速发展，但对河流、湖泊的管理保护没能同步跟进，出现了河道干涸、湖泊萎缩、水环境状况恶化等问题，给用水安全带来了严峻挑战[1]。2007年夏季，无锡太湖大面积蓝藻爆发，引发了严重的城市水危机。为根治太湖的水问题，同年8月无锡市率先实行河长制，由“河长”负责督办所辖河道水质的改善工作[34]，推进部门间统筹、区域间协同，在水上下功夫的同时，更在岸上下功夫，以加强对污染物源头治理。……