罗传艳 余菊芬

摘 要 目的：了解四川省特殊教育教师急救知识与技能培训现状，为急救相关知识技能培训提供参考。方法：采用随机抽样的调查方法对四川省内27所特校共600名教师进行急救相关知识技能培训问卷的调查。结果：四川省特殊教育教师主动学习儿童意外伤害急救知识技能的途径多样；21%的教师接受过正规培训，但已有的培训方式与期望的有一定的差异；81.7%的教师表示愿意参加急救相关知识技能的培训，并希望培训时有更多的模拟操作机会。结论：特殊教育教师对急救相关知识技能的培训需求高，但模拟操作机会少。

关键词 特殊教育教师 急救知识与技能 培训

中图分类号：G76 文献标识码：A DOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdks.2018.08.085

Abstract Objective： To understand the current situation of First Aid knowledge and skills training of special education teachers in Sichuan Province. Methods： Totally 600 special education teachers in Sichuan province were recruited by random sampling method and were investigated with the training questionnaire on knowledge and skills related to first aid. Results： There were various ways for special education teachers to learn first aid knowledge about children's accidental injuries in Sichuan province； 21% teachers had received regular training， but there was a certain difference between the existing training and expectations； 81.7% of the teachers were willing to take part in first aid training， and hoped to have more simulation opportunities during the training. Conclusion： Teachers have high demand for first aid training， but few simulation operation opportunities were implement during the training.

Keywords special education teachers； first aid knowledge and skills； training

意外伤害是指突然发生的各种事件或事故对人体所造成的伤害。众所周知，意外伤害已成为世界范围内儿童的头号“杀手”，成为包括中国在内的世界上大多数国家儿童致伤、致残、致死的最主要原因。[1]有研究显示，意外伤害在学校的发生率为34.1%；[2]其中中、重度伤害主要发生在学校（39.2%）。[3]而特殊儿童由于其生理特点和健康状况等原因，适应环境和处理环境中危险状况的能力更弱，一年中意外伤害的发生率显著高于正常儿童，遭受“二次状况”，受到伤害的风险更高。[4]特殊教育教师（以下简称特教教师）作为目击现场人，如果能为伤者实施及时有效的救助，能够为后面医护人员的成功抢救争取到关键的时间，尽可能地为其减轻伤害，降低伤害导致残疾、死亡的概率。……