教学组织形式新探索:走班制
2018-11-05黄哲
黄哲
摘 要 随着高考制度的改革,教学组织形式也要做出相应调整。走班制的出现,打破传统班级授课制,将固定的行政班和走动的学科分层教学班二者结合起来,尊重学生个性化发展,实现因材施教。作为一种还不成熟的教学组织,走班制在实施的过程中也暴露了一些问题,如学生流动性加剧了班级管理的难度、走班被误解为“快慢班”、硬件和师资不足、评价难以真正做到公正等。因此,在实施过程中应创新管理方式方法、做好走班制宣传工作、加强走班制资源建设、坚持多元评价。
关键词 走班制 教学组织形式 因材施教
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdks.2018.08.008
Abstract With the reform of the college entrance examination system, the teaching organization should also be adjusted accordingly. The emergence of the shift system, breaking the traditional class teaching system, combining the fixed administrative class and the moving class stratification class, respecting the individualized development of students and realizing students in accordance with their aptitude. As an immature teaching organization, the walking class system has also exposed some problems in the process of implementation. For example, student mobility has increased the difficulty of class management, the shift has been misunderstood as "fast and slow class", and hardware and teachers are insufficient. Evaluation is difficult to be truly fair. Therefore, in the implementation process, we should innovate management methods and ways, do a good job in the work of publicity, strengthen the construction of walking class resources, and adhere to multiple evaluations.
Keywords walking class system; teaching organization form; individualized teaching
走班制,最早在大学里运用。对中学走班制的探索,最初源于美国,之后蔓延至世界各国。近年来,随着高考改革等一系列教育政策文件的颁布,我国在走班制这一教学组织形式上又进行了新的探索。所谓走班制,是指学生以自身学习能力与兴趣为出发点,根据课程目标、结合教师的评价与建议,自主选择到不同类别、不同层次的班级上课。与班级授课制有所差异,走班制是将固定的行政班和走动的分层分类教学班结合起来的教学组织形式,它使教师能够针对不同层级学生进行教学,有利于提高教学质量,尊重学生的个体差异。
1 走班制的重要价值
1.1 走班制与高考改革
在《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020)》中提出“全面实施高中学业水平考试和综合素质评价。”2014年9月4日,国务院印发《关于深化招生制度改革的实施意见》,提出“探索基于统一高考和高中学业水平考试成绩、参考综合素质评价的多元录取机制”并要求于2014年出台完善关于高中学业水平考试的指导意见。……
