ERCP的历史及临床应用
2018-10-24王雪峰刘颖斌
王雪峰 刘颖斌
摘 要 自1968年内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)首次问世以来,临床应用已有半个世纪的历史,国内开展也有40多年的时间。经过50年的发展和进步,ERCP从最初单纯应用于胆胰管造影诊断到如今成为融合影像学、细胞学、组织学诊断及胆管取石、支架引流、肿瘤射频消融治疗的综合诊疗技术,已成为诊治胆胰疾病最重要的手段之一。我院于上世纪90年代开展胆胰疾病的ERCP诊治操作,经过20余年的总结与创新,目前在复杂困难ERCP的开展方面已取得一定的成果,在此我们希望通过分享本中心的经验,与国内同仁共同努力探索,积极创新,与国际ERCP诊治新技术接轨,从而更好的造福患者。
关键词 内镜下逆行胰胆管造影 乳头肌切开 支架引流
中图分类号:R657.4; R657.5 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2018)19-0020-04
The history and clinical application of ERCP
WANG Xuefeng, LIU Yingbin*
(Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China)
ABSTRACT Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been applied for half a century, and more than 40 years in China since its initial description in 1968. After 50 years of development and progress, ERCP has been evolved from a simple cholangiopancreatography diagnostic procedure to a comprehensive technique combine both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and has become one of the most important methods for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreaticobiliary disease. ERCP diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases were performed in 1990s in our hospital. After more than 20 years of summarization and innovation, some achievements have been made in the development of complex and difficult ERCP at present. Here we would like to share our experience and hope to start the cooperation with domestic peers to improve ERCP technique and benefit more patients.
KEy WORDS ERCP; EST; ERBD
1 ERCP五十年歷史回顾
ERCP(endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)即内镜下逆行胰胆管造影,是一种对于肝胆胰系统疾病无创或微创的诊治方法,距离其问世已有50年的历史。1968年,乔治华盛顿大学的McCune[1]利用侧视纤维十二指肠镜完成了十二指肠乳头的首次插管。这种内镜下的物镜与目镜不在同一轴线上,而是形成90°角,恰好适合于观察位于侧壁的十二指肠乳头,并能在直视下进行插管操作。他们组装了一组内窥镜下胆道和胰管插入装置,在Eder型纤维十二指肠镜上放置了导管,并在直视下用球囊对Vater的乳头进行插管,首次报道了该技术的临床应用(图1、2),但当时的插管成功率仅为25%。1970年,日本学者Oi [2]进行了进一步的研究和改进,报道了60例成功的ERCP操作经验,使ERCP逐渐广泛应用于世界临床,成为胆胰疾病的重要诊断技术。……
