全国农业产业扶贫成效评价及对策分析
2018-10-12张正尧吕永辉杨照
张正尧 吕永辉 杨照
摘要:中国脱贫工作已进入攻坚阶段,发展产业是实现脱贫攻坚的根本之策,为全面系统地评价农业产业扶贫成效,结合国家统计局、国务院扶贫办相关数据,建立农业产业扶贫评价指标模型,并对产业扶贫成效进行定量分析。结果表明,当前农业产业扶贫工作取得积极进展,扶贫成效不断显现,帮扶措施更加合理,但资金的使用效率逐年下降。为确保农业产业扶贫工作取得更大进展,从挖掘增收新业态、培育带动新主体、构建稳定新机制三个方面提出了脱贫攻坚的下一步工作重点和对策建议。
关键词:产业扶贫;成效评价;农业;对策
中图分类号:F323.1 文献标识码:A
文章编号:0439-8114(2018)17-0126-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.17.032 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Abstract: The poverty alleviation in China has entered a stage of storming fortifications, the fundamental way to achieve it is the development of industries. To evaluate the poverty alleviation effectiveness of agricultural industry comprehensively and systematically, an evaluating index mode for the poverty alleviation of agricultural industry was established based on the related data from National Bureau of Statistics and State Council's Poverty Alleviation Office, and a quantitative analysis was made on the effectiveness of industrial poverty alleviation. The results showed that great progress have been made in the present anti-poverty of agricultural industry, the effects of poverty alleviation were constantly emerging and support measures were more reasonable, while the use efficiency of funds decreased year by year. To ensure more progress in the poverty alleviation of agricultural industry, the future work focus and some suggestions for the poverty alleviation were proposed from exploring new formats to increase income, cultivating and stimulating new main bodies, and building a new stable mechanism.
Key words: poverty alleviation through industrial development; effectiveness evaluation; agriculture; suggestion
产业是发展的根基,是脱贫的主要依托[1]。产业扶贫是一种内生发展机制[2],目的在于促进贫困户与贫困区域协同发展,根植发展基因,激活发展动力,阻断贫困发生的动因,是以市场为导向,以贫困户增收为目的,以资源禀赋为基础,以扶持政策为保障,是促进贫困地区经济发展、增加贫困户收入的有效途径,是扶贫开发战略重点和主要任务。党的十八大以来,党中央、国务院把扶贫开发工作纳入“四個全面”战略布局,作为实现第一个百年奋斗目标的重点工作[3]。2015年,中央召开扶贫开发工作会议,明确提出通过发展特色产业,实现到2020年3 000万以上贫困人口脱贫[4]。经过多年的发展,农业产业扶贫取得了显著成效。但目前,对产业扶贫政策落实情况和工作成效大都为定性的、案例式的,缺少定量分析,科学评价的可比性较差,对后续产业扶贫政策制定和确定工作推进重点方向的参考性不强。……
