邱怡　张书媛　李汪钖

摘要 随着林权抵押贷款的出现，林农发展林业的资金问题在一定程度上得到了缓解。但在实际操作中，作为弱势一方的林农的权益往往得不到有效保障和实现。本文基于林农视角，分析了当下林权抵押贷款中林农权益保障的现状及存在的问题，并探讨出有益于林农在林权抵押贷款中保障自身权益的对策，以期推动林农权益保障的发展。

关键词 林权抵押贷款；林农权益；问题；对策

中图分类号 F326.23 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2018）16-0134-03

Problems and Countermeasures of Forest Farmers′ Rights and Interests Protection in Forest Right Mortgage Loan

QIU Yi ZHANG Shu-yuan LI Wang-yang ZHANG Xiao-ping *

（College of Humanities and Law，Northeast Forestry University，Harbin Heilongjiang 150040）

Abstract With the emergence of forest right mortgage loan，the fund problems of forest farmers has been alleviated to some extent.However，in practice，as the weak side，the rights and interests of forest farmers are often not effectively guaranteed and realized.Based on the perspective of forest farmers，the present situation and existing problems of forest farmers′ rigths and interests protection in forest right mortage loan were analyzed in this paper.Then，the countermeasures to protect the rights and interests of forest farmers in forest right mortgage loan were also discussed，so as to promote the development of forest farmers′ rights and interests protection.

Key words forest right mortgage loan；forest farmers′ right and interest；problem；countermeasure

林權抵押贷款是林权抵押制度的一大创新，有助于解决林农在发展林业中所面临的资金问题。但在现实中，林权抵押贷款存在许多操作上的不规范、不到位，致使林农的权益受损；随着林农主体意识的加强，保障林农权益就变得非常重要。而作为弱势群体的林农，在林权抵押贷款中存在的不利之处，不仅受外在因素影响，还受到内在自我因素的影响。因此，需要深入分析林权抵押贷款的开展状况以及林农自身状况，以此找出保障林农权益的关键。

1 林权抵押贷款中林农权益的内涵

林农权益是林农作为社会成员、国家公民应当享有的不容侵犯的各种权利和利益的总称。林农作为林权抵押贷款中重要的主体，保障林农的权益是落实以人为本的战略目标，也是推动林权抵押制度的完善和实现林业可持续发展的需要。在林权抵押贷款中林农的权益可分为经济发展权、政治发展权、社会发展权三大权益，以下是对这三大权益的具体分析。……