玉舒中 张启尧 杨振德 郭春晖 王蕊蕊 吴广

摘要：研究苦楝树（Melia azedarach）皮乙醇提取物和菟丝特的混合药剂对日本菟丝子（Cuscuta japonica）生长及其主要生理指标的影响。结果表明，低浓度的混合药剂对菟丝子无明显伤害作用，但高浓度的混合药剂处理30 d后菟丝子藤茎大面积萎蔫枯死。高浓度混合药剂处理下日本菟丝子可溶性糖和丙二醛含量升高，可溶性蛋白含量降低。在高浓度（40 g/L）苦楝树皮乙醇提取物处理下，日本菟丝子超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性随着菟丝特浓度的升高呈现出先升高后降低的趋势。在高浓度（14 mg/L）菟丝特处理下，日本菟丝子POD和CAT活性也随着苦楝树皮乙醇提取物浓度的升高呈现出先升高后降低的趋势。表明高浓度混合药剂通过影响菟丝子体内蛋白质等生物大分子的代谢、破坏菟丝子体内保护酶系统的平衡对菟丝子发挥防治作用。

关键词：苦楝树（Melia azedarach）；乙醇提取物；日本菟丝子（Cuscuta japonica）；生理指标；保护酶

中图分类号：S453 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）10-0069-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.10.016

Effects of Mixed Treatment with Extract of Melia azedarach Bark and Tusite on the Growth and Major Physiological Parameters of Cuscuta japonica

YU Shu-zhong，ZHANG Qi-yao，YANG Zhen-de，GUO Chun-hui，WANG Rui-rui，WU Guang

（College of Forestry，Guangxi University，Nanning 530004，China）

Abstract： The growth and main physiological responses of Cuscuta japonica to mixed reagents（ethanol extract of Melia azedarach bark and tusit） were studied. The results showed that the mixed reagent in low concentration had no obvious damage to C. japonica. However，the stem of C. japonica withered up and died after 30 days treatment with high concentration of mixed reagent. Under the high concentration of combination treatment，the content of soluble sugar and malondialdehyde （MDA） of C. japonica increased，whereas the content of soluble protein decreased. Under the high concentration（40 g/L） of ethanol extract of M. azedarach bark treatment，the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD） and catalase （CAT） presented a tendency of increased first and then decreased as the concentration of tusite increase in C. japonica. Under the high concentration of tusite（14 mg/L） treatment，the activity of POD and CAT presented a tendency of increased first and then decreased as the concentration of ethanol extract increased. It was indicated that high concentration of mixed reagent which played a role of control was by influencing the metabolism of protein and other biological macromolecules and destroying the balance of protective enzyme system of C. japonica.

Key words： Melia azedarach； ethanol extraction； Cuscuta japonica； physiological indicators； protective enzyme

日本菟丝子（Cuscuta japouica）属旋花科（Convolvulaceae）菟丝子属（Cuscuta）的一种全寄生有害植物，在中国南北各地方广泛分布。它通过吸器着生于寄主上吸取养料。被害植株光照不足，枝叶不能舒展，生长衰弱，严重时枯死[1-3]。菟丝子的防治是植保工作的难点，运用化学药剂是防除菟丝子最主要的方式之一。然而运用化学药剂会在一定程度上影响寄主植物的生长，因此在防治菟丝子的同时降低对寄主植物的影响至关重要。Habib等[4]研究发现狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon）的甲醇提取物可以显著抑制菟丝子生长，但对宿主紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）安全；……