APP下载

江汉平原再生稻品种机械化生产适应性筛选研究

2018-08-25王家栋张谱海谢远珍朱心国闫美英曾庆利谢文博殷得所

湖北农业科学 2018年10期

王家栋 张谱海 谢远珍 朱心国 闫美英 曾庆利 谢文博 殷得所

摘要:再生稻近年来在中国长江流域特别是江汉平原再次焕发生机,发展迅速,成为粮食生产供给侧结构性改革的一个新方向。但该区域目前还缺乏针对性的再生稻品种选育研究为其提供品种支撑。选择市场上出现的再生稻新品种,对其进行了初步生产适应性筛选试验,对参试再生稻品种的熟期、产量、抗性进行了比较试验,旨在为用种单位提供品种选择的参考。

关键词:再生稻;机械化生产;适应性;江汉平原

中图分类号:S511 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)10-0024-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.10.006

Screening of Ratooning Rice Varieties for Mechanization Adaptation in Jianghan Plain

WANG Jia-dong1,ZHANG Pu-hai1,XIE Yuan-zhen1,ZHU Xin-guo2,YAN Mei-ying2,

ZENG Qing-li3,XIE Wen-bo3,YIN De-suo4

(1.Shishou City Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Shishou 434400,Hubei,China;2.Dangyang Yuyang Agricultural Service Center,Dangyang 444100,Hubei,China;3.Caidian District Agricultural Committee,Wuhan 430100,China;4.Institute of Food Crops,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China)

Abstract: Ratooning rice has become a new rice planting style in Yangtze river area in recent years,and developed fast. Ratooning rice production is in coincidence with the reform requirement for reducing fertilizer and pesticide. But this rapidly developed trend has not been well supported by existing breeding programs. For this reason,the screening trials were conducted to compare and identify the well adapted rice varieties in Jianghan plain area,and the results could provide information for customers to choose right variety with mechanization adaptation.

Key words: ratooning rice; mechanized production; adaptability; Jianghan plain

近年來,再生稻在中国农村劳动力结构发生改变,要求水稻生产比较效益提高的社会环境下,又蓬勃发展起来。再生稻是中国特有的种植模式,可以追溯到1 700年前,在中国有着悠久的历史[1]。该种植模式适合在光热条件不够双季稻,但种植一季稻又有多余的地区。再生稻模式符合当前国家节能环保、减肥减药的农业发展新趋势。据报道,目前再生稻两季总产可达800 kg/667 m2,最高可比一季中稻增产53.8%,农药用量减少40%左右,肥料用量减少30%~50%[2],此外,稻米外观与口感还显著提高。发展再生稻不仅能保障粮食安全,还能提供优质优价的稻米产品,激发了专家和农民的极大兴趣。但是,由于过去国家并没有制定专门培育再生稻品种的育种策略和品种储备,使得当前迅速发展的再生稻面临品种多样性不够以及品种储备和更新不足的问题。

发展再生稻符合国家供给侧结构性改革的要求,江汉平原具有发展再生稻的条件,且潜力巨大。……

登录APP查看全文