基于扎根理论的大数据政策共词网络研究
2018-08-11徐蕾李庆肖相泽
徐蕾 李庆 肖相泽

〔摘 要〕[目的/意义]本文在已有的关于大数据政策研究基础上,分析当前国内的大数据政策的关注焦点与不足,为后续的政策创新提供参考借鉴。[方法/过程]以9个国家级大数据综合试验区2014年11月至2017年11月出台的政策为研究样本,综合运用扎根理论、词频分析和政策力度测量方法,确立政策关键词的权重,借鉴Ochiia 系数得出关键词共词矩阵,利用可视化分析工具获取共词网络。并综合运用度中心性研究、聚类分析、多维尺度分析和社会网络分析方法研究网络的结点特征与网络结构。[结果/结论]发现现阶段我国大数据试验区政策重点关注金融财税对大数据发展的支持、大数据产业的集聚发展、基本的制度建设和基础设施建设、创新发展应用等方面。对于产业引导基金、核心企业培育、大数据的深层次应用以及外部技术的引进等方面存在不足。
〔关键词〕扎根理论;大数据;政策;共词网络
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2018.06.023
〔中图分类号〕G301 〔文献标识码〕A 〔文章编号〕1008-0821(2018)06-0157-08
〔Abstract〕[Purpose/Significance]Based on the previous research on big data policy,the paper analyzed the focus and shortcomings of the big data policy in China.And the results provided reference for the subsequent policy innovation.[Method/Process]The paper used 9 National Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone issued policies in November 2014 to November 2017 as the research sample,with the grounded theory,word frequency analysis and method of policy strength measure to establish the weight of policy keywords.Then,using the experience of Ochiia coefficient matrix establish a keyword co-word matrix,and using visual analysis tools for common words network.By using the methods of degree centrality,cluster analysis,multidimensional scaling analysis and social network analysis to research the nodes characteristics and network structure.[Result/Conclusion]Found that the policies issued by National Big Data Test Comprehensive Area were focus on financial fiscal support for the development of the big data,the big data industry cluster development,basic system construction and infrastructure construction,application of innovation and development,etc.There were deficiencies in the industry guidance fund,core enterprise cultivation,the deep application of big data and the introduction of external technology.
〔Key words〕grounded theory;big data;policy;co-word network
大数据作为信息资本和数据资源将对经济发展、国家治理、政府决策、公共服务、组织方式和业务流程等产生巨大影响。习近平总书记在中共中央政治局就实施国家大数据战略集体学习时指出“大数据发展日新月异,应该审时度势、精心谋划、超前布局、力争主动,深入了解大数据发展现状和趋势及其对经济社会发展的影响,加强国际数据治理政策儲备和治理规则研究,提出中国方案。”大数据已经成为经济转型发展的重要推动力,中央和地方政府也陆续出台了各项措施,为大数据产业集聚和发展提供有力支撑。……
