宁盛卫 曹惠容 陈石研

摘 要 为了更好地培育黎族中学生积极向上的社会心态，采用《民族认同问卷》和《中国中学生心理健康问卷》对471名黎族中学生的民族认同和心理健康状况进行调查，探讨了民族认同对黎族中学生心理健康的影响。结果发现：1.黎族中学生的民族认同较高，表现出积极的双重民族认同，但黎族中学生边缘化突出；2.黎族中学生的总体心理健康症状属于轻到中度；3.黎族男生的心理健康问卷总分显著高于女生，初二学生的心理健康问卷总分显著高于高二；4.边缘化、分离和同化的黎族中学生的心理健康症状总分显著高于整合的黎族中学生；5.本民族认同和中华民族认同均对心理健康症状具有负向影响，双重民族认同能解释心理健康12.7%的变异量。提高黎族中学生的双重民族认同将有助于提升黎族中学生的心理健康水平。

关键词 民族认同 中学生 心理健康 黎族

中图分类号：G444 文献标识码：A DOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkz.2018.04.077

Abstract In order to better cultivate the positive social mentality of Li nationality middle school students， we explorE the influence of national identity on the mental health of Li nationality middle school students. Questionnaire survey was used to investigate the national identity and mental health status of 471 Li nationality middle school students. The results show that： 1.the national identity of Li middle school students is higher， which shows positive dual national identity， however， Li ethnic middle school students are marginalized； 2. the mental health symptoms of Li nationality middle school students are mild to moderate；3. the total score of mental health questionnaire of Li nationality male was significantly higher than that of female students； the total score of mental health questionnaire of students in the second grade of Junior middle school was significantly higher than that of the second grade of junior high school；4.the mental health of the li nationality middle school students who are marginalized， separated and assimilated is significantly higher than the mental health of the integrated li nationality middle school students； 5.ethnic identity and Chinese national identity have negative predictive effect on mental health symptoms， dual national identity can explain the variation of 12.7% of mental health. Improving national identity will help to improve the mental health level of Li nationality middle school students.

Keywords national identity； middle school students； mental health； Li nationality

為深入学习习近平总书记在党的十九大上发表的关于“加强社会心理服务体系建设，培育自尊自信、理性平和、积极向上的社会心态”的重要讲话，贯彻和实施《关于加强心理健康服务的指导意见》，本研究从民族认同角度探讨对少数民族中学生心理健康的影响。中学是一个从儿童向成人过渡的时期，其价值观和世界观都处于形成阶段，是自我成长、自我探索、自我完善的关键时期。少数民族中学生同样也会面临“我是谁”这一问题，面临本族与他族认同的冲突与融合等特殊问题。……