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沈阳大学北校区皂角幽木虱的鉴定及防治建议

2018-07-19王京王剑峰于丹

湖北农业科学 2018年9期

王京 王剑峰 于丹

摘要:皂角幽木虱[Euphalerus robinae(Shinzi)]是为害皂荚树(Gleditsia sinensis Lam.)的主要害虫之一,目前在沈阳大学北校区内的皂荚树上已发现大量的成虫、卵及若虫,对树木造成不同程度的破坏并影响了师生的生活。因此,对皂角幽木虱进行形态鉴定,根据其发生规律做好皂角幽木虱的防治工作是提供良好绿化环境的关键。简述了皂角幽木虱的形态、生活史、发生原因、为害症状及程度,并提出防治建议。

关键词:皂角幽木虱[Euphalerus robinae(Shinzi)];皂荚树(Gleditsia sinensis Lam.);沈阳大学;鉴定;防治

中图分类号:S763 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)09-0067-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.09.015

Identification and Control Suggestion of Euphalerus robinae (Shinzi) in North Campus of Shenyang University

WANG Jing,WANG Jian-feng,YU Dan,ZHU Hai,XUE Bao

(College of Life Science and Bioengineering,Shenyang University/Liaoning Key Laboratory of Urban Integrated Pest Management and Ecological Security,Shenyang 110044,China)

Abstract: Euphalerus robinae(Shinzi) is one of the main pest that endanger the Gleditsia sinensis Lam.. At present,a large number of adults,eggs and nymphs have been found in the G. sinensis Lam. in North Campus of Shenyang University,which have caused different damage to trees and affected the life of teachers and students. Therefore, identify the E. robinae (Shinzi),and do the prevention and treatment of G. sinensis Lam. through its occurrence law, is the key to provide a good environmental greening. In this paper,the morphological,life history,causes,hazards and extent of E. robinae(Shinzi) were briefly introduced.

Key words: Euphalerus robinae (Shinzi);Gleditsia sinensis Lam.;Shenyang University;identification;prevention and control

高校的綠化不仅可以提供优良的生态环境,还可以美化校园,同时给师生创造清新、舒适的学习氛围。沈阳大学北校区的校园绿化树木种类比较丰富,据2008年调查统计有85种,大多长势良好[1]。但随着校园人口数目增加致使绿化程度减弱[2];由于种植面积大,且同种树之间间隔过密;人们对于某些树木的为害症状认识不清,缺乏有效防治,导致害虫的数目、种类没有得到控制。目前校园内树木害虫种类从类别上看隶属于2纲7目26科,共43种[3]。

皂荚(Gleditsia sinensis Lam.)[4],为豆科苏木亚科皂荚属落叶乔木,棘刺圆柱形,常分枝,树高可达15~30 m。主要分布在中亚、东南亚和南北美洲,且在中国也分布广泛,自中国北部至南部及西南部均有出现,是中国的特有树种之一。皂荚树是一种前景广阔的植物,不仅是常见的行道树,在医药、化妆品、食品工业等方面都有应用[5],有着重要的观赏价值和经济学意义。皂角幽木虱[Euphalerus robinae(Shinzi)]是为害皂荚树的主要害虫,隶属半翅目,木虱科,国内外均有分布。……

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