三丁酸甘油酯和包膜丁酸钠对南美白对虾生长性能和肠道微生物的影响
2018-06-21唐启峰徐树德卢玉标郑欣
唐启峰 徐树德 卢玉标 郑欣
摘 要:该文以南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)为试验对象,研究饲料中添加不同丁酸类产品对其生长性能和肠道微生物的影响。试验分为对照组(基础饲料),三丁酸甘油酯组(0.5g/kg、1.0g/kg和1.5g/kg TB+基础饲料)、包膜丁酸钠组(0.5g/kg、1.0g/kg和1.5g/kg SB+基础饲料)。结果显示,相比对照组,TB各组南美白对虾周增重分别显著提高27.6%、28.7%和31.9% (P<0.05),蛋白质效率分别显著提高,饵料系数分别显著降低;1.5g/kg SB组周增重显著提高22.3% (P<0.05),蛋白质效率显著提高;TB各组和SB各组肠道致病性弧菌数量显著减少,其中1.5g/kgTB组致病性弧菌数量减少22.4% (P<0.05, 27d)和25.4%(P<0.05,47d)。结果表明,三丁酸甘油脂和包膜丁酸钠均可起到促进生长、减少肠道致病性弧菌数量的作用,但同比之下三丁酸甘油酯效果要优于包膜丁酸钠产品。
關键词:三丁酸甘油酯;包膜丁酸钠;南美白对虾;生长性能;肠道微生物
中图分类号 S963 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2018)02-0087-04
Abstract:The aim of this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary tributyrin (TB) and microencapsulated sodium butyrate (MSB) on the growth performance and intestinal microorganism of Penaeus vannamei.Diet 1 was the control group,diets 2~4 were supplementation with 0.5,1.0 and 1.5g/kg TB,respectively,diets 5~7 were supplementation with 0.5,1.0 and 1.5g/kg MSB,respectively.The results showed that compared with control group,shrimp fed the different levels of TB significantly increased the weekly weight gain 27.6%,28.7% and 31.9% (P<0.05) respectively,increased the protein efficiency rate (PER) (P<0.05),respectively,and decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P<0.05).And results showed that shrimp fed the 1.5g/kg MSB diet significantly increased the weekly weight gain and PER (P<0.05). Study on the intestinal microorganism showed that shrimp fed the 1.5g/kg TB significantly decreased the counts of vibrios.All the data suggested that dietary supplementation with TB and MSB could improve the growth performance and decreased the counts of vibrios in intestine of shrimp,and TB was superior to MSB on improving growth of shrimp.
Key words:Tributyrin;Microencapsulated sodium butyrate;Penaeus vannamei;Growth performance;Intestinal microorganism
频繁暴发的病害已成为制约水产养殖发展的重要因素之一,养殖业者越来越多地将抗生素运用到水产养殖中,以期减少养殖过程遇到的各种病害。抗生素的大量使用会带来细菌耐药性和药物残留问题,很多国家和地区限制甚至禁用抗生素[1],因此水产养殖业迫切需求环境友好型替抗添加剂[2]。短链脂肪酸及其前体物质被认为是安全的、可用于养殖产业中的抗菌剂[1],前人研究表明,短链脂肪酸,主要包括甲酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸,因其可为胃肠道上皮细胞生长发育直接供量,促进细胞增殖,扩大吸收营养物质的表面积[3];提高肠道有益菌和抑制有害菌的生长;能够调控矿物质在肠道中的转运,螯合重金属离子,降低毒性等优点[4.5],已被广泛应用于养殖业中。相较于甲酸、乙酸和丙酸类产品,丁酸及其盐类和酯类产品已被广泛应用于畜禽养殖中,而在水产养殖中的应用相对匮乏[6-9]。本试验以南美白对虾为研究对象,研究三丁酸甘油酯和包膜丁酸钠对南美白对虾生长性能和肠道微生态的影响,以期为南美白对虾饲料中使用丁酸类产品提供参考依据。……
