方宇　贾宪波　陈济琛

摘 要：该文以污泥和木屑为原料进行堆肥试验，研究添加高温菌CHB1对堆肥过程中温度、碳氮比、pH、蛋白酶、脱氢酶和纤维素酶的影响。结果表明，接种高温菌能提高堆体温度，高温维持时间长，达到堆肥无害化的要求。堆肥结束时，接菌处理碳氮比显著低于对照组。堆肥后接菌组和对照的pH值由弱酸性转变为弱碱性。除纤维素酶外，CHB1处理的蛋白酶和脱氢酶活性在整个堆肥过程中都显著高于对照组。

关键词：污泥；堆肥；高温菌；酶活

中图分类号 S141.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2018）02-0046-03

Abstract：In this research，the sludge and saw dust were used as the compost materials.Effect of inoculation of thermophilic bacteria on the compost property including temperature，C/N，pH，and enzyme activities including protase，dehydrogenase and cellulose were investigated.The results showed that，inoculation of thermophilic bacteria could increase the compost temperature and had a longer high-temperature duration.At the end of the compost，C/N in the compost with thermophilic bacteria was significantly lower than the control.After the compost，pH at the both treatments increased and became slightly alkaline.Protase and dehydrogenase activities in the compost with microbial agent were higher than those in the control.

Key words：Sludge；Compost；Thermophilic bacteria；Enzyme activity

据中国污泥处理处置市场分析报告，2015年我国生活污泥产量为3500万t。城市污泥中含有丰富的植物营养元素和有机质，是一种潜在的有机肥源[1]，若进行合理的开发，可以减少对化石能源的依赖性。

堆肥化作为一种保持良好环境效应的产物，具有生物处理的可持续性和废弃物资源的循环利用等特征，已成为处理有机固体废弃物的有效方法之一[2]。污泥经过堆肥化处理可以降解有机物质、杀死病原菌，还可以将部分有机物转化为腐殖质，实现污泥的无害化和资源化[3]。然而传统的污泥堆肥存在发酵时间长、产生臭味及肥效低等问题。堆肥是利用微生物群落通过高温发酵使有机物腐殖化的一种好氧生物过程[4]。因此在堆肥过程中添加微生物菌剂是促进堆肥腐熟的一个有效尝试。目前许多研究都已证实在堆肥化过程中添加微生物菌剂尤其是高温菌能够促进料温升高，加速堆肥腐熟[5-7]。……