郭玫 王国昌 郭瑞 郭朋

[摘要] 目的 探讨形成性评价在心电图教学中的应用效果。方法 选择2012年6月～2015年6月在单县中心医院实习的2009级和2010级临床医学本科学生240人作为研究对象，均来自于济宁医学院。2010级学生作为试验组（120人），采用课前试讲、课堂表现、阶段测试及学生对教学实践活动和自我评价相结合的方式构成形成性评价成绩；2009级学生作为对照组（120人），采用传统教学方法。以平均成绩、及格率、优秀率和教学方法满意度作为评价指标，评价两种教学方法的效果。 结果 试验组学生平均成绩、优秀率和及格率均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；试验组学生满意度调查结果也优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 形成性评价方法教学效果优于传统教学方法效果，可应用于心电图的临床教学实践活动中。

[关键词] 形成性评价；心电图；教学

[中图分类号] G643 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2018）04（c）-0177-04

Application of formative assessment in electrocardiogram teaching

GUO Mei1 WANG Guochang1 GUO Rui2 GUO Peng3

1.Department of Sciense and Education，Shanxian Central Hospital， Shandong Province， Shanxian 274300， China； 2.Clinical Medicine Collage， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing 100029， China； 3.Department of Liver Disease， Xiyuan Hospital， China Acadeny of Chinese Medical Science， Beijing 100091， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of the formative assessment in electrocardiogram teaching. Methods From June of 2012 to June of 2015， 240 clinical medical undergraduate students of Grade 2009 and Grade 2010 practiced in Shanxian Central Hospital were selected as the study subjects， they all came from Jining Medical Collage. Students of Grade 2010 were selected as test group， they given trial reporting before class， performance in class， stage of testing and the teaching practice combined with self-evaluation， got formative assessment achievement； students of Grade 2010 were selected as control group， they were given traditional teaching method. The average score，pass rate and excellent rate were as evaluation indicators， the effect of two teaching methods were compared. Results The average score，the excellent rate and the pass rate of students in test group were higher than control group， the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05）； the satisfaction degree of students in the test group was better than control group， the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusions The effect of the formative assessment teaching methods is better than the traditional teaching methods， it can be used in clinical teaching practice of electrocardiogram.

[Key words] The formative assessment； Electrocardiogram； Teaching

我國现行的教育评价体系以考试为主要手段，所以期末考试成绩就几乎成为教学效果评价的唯一方式[1-2]，这种单一的终结性或出科考试的评价方式是是评价体系不健全的最大表现[3]，它忽略了对学生的学习能力和学习方法等综合素质的考核[4-5]，因此这种教育评价方式已不能满足现代教育对创新型、复合型人等才培养的需求。而形成性评价能够对学生的日常学习进行跟踪，及时了解学生的学习动态，从而及时调整和完善教学方法，提高教学效果[6]。心电图专业在实践教学过程中，学生普遍反映图像复杂多变，比较抽象，理解难度较大，不好掌握，但在临床工作中，心电图作为一种没有创伤、高效并且相对经济的检查方法，对多种心血管相关的疾病都有重要辅助诊断价值，因而广泛应用于临床实践工作中。……