潘存军 孙永秀 刘超 杨艳霞

摘要：为修复阿勒泰市库尔木图矿区受损植被群落，在矿区受损区域设置4个不同试验处理（T1：定植穴换黑土加滴灌；T2：定植穴换黑土无滴灌；T3：定植穴换沙土加滴灌；T4：定植穴换沙土无滴灌），探讨不同土壤和水分条件对受损矿区种植的黑加仑（Ribes nigrum L.）生长、结实及成活率的影响。结果表明，1）T1处理种植的黑加仑生长情况最好，平均株高和冠幅最大；但与T3处理种植的黑加仑平均株高和冠幅均差异不显著，与T2、T4处理种植的黑加仑平均株高和冠幅均差异显著。2）T3处理种植的黑加仑其结实数和结实率最大，但与T1相比差异不显著。3）T1的黑加仑成活率最高，与T2，T4相比差异显著，但与T3相比差异不显著。综合考虑不同生长条件下黑加仑种植的经济投入和所产生的生态效益，库尔木图受损矿区种植黑加仑的适宜条件为T3处理。

关键词：黑加仑（Ribes nigrum L.）；土壤；水分；生长状况；库尔木图矿区

中图分类号：S663.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）08-0092-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.08.023

The Influence of Different Soil and Water Conditions on the Growth

and Seed Setting of Ribes nigrum

PAN Cun-jun1，SUN Yong-xiu1，2，3，LIU Chao1，YANG Yan-xia1

（1.Forestry Planning Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， Urumqi 830000， China； 2.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Urumqi 830011， China； 3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100049， China）

Abstract： In order to restore the damaged vegetation community in Kurt Kizu mining area of Altay city， we setted four different test plots（T1： planting hole in black soil with drip irrigation； T2： planting hole in black soil without irrigation； T3： planting hole in sandy soil with drip irrigation； T4： planting hole in sandy soil without irrigation） in the mining damaged area， to explore the effect of different soil and water conditions on growth， fruiting and survival rate of Ribes nigrum L. in the damaged area. The results showed： 1） Under the growth condition of T1， R. nigrum grew the best（average plant height and crown diameter at maximum）； but compared with T3， there was no significant difference in plant height and canopy. And T2 and T4 had significant difference in plant height and canopy. 2） Under the growth condition of T3， seed setting and seed setting rate of R. nigrum were the maximum； but there was no significant difference compared with T1 growth condition. 3） The survival rate of R. nigrum was the highest on T1 plot. Compared with T2 and T4， there was significant difference， but the difference was not significant with T3. Therefore， for the Kurt Kizu mining area， considering comprehensively economic investment and ecological benefits of planting R. nigrum under different conditions， the appropriate planting condition of R. nigrum was T3.

Key words： Ribes nigrum L.； soil； water； growth status； Kurt Kizu mining area

黑加仑（Ribes nigrum L.）又名黑醋栗，黑豆果，为多年生小灌木[1]，其成熟果实富含维生素C、花青素、矿物质等多种营养成分[2，3]，果實既可以食用，也可以加工成果汁、果酱等食品，深受国内外消费者的喜爱[4]。新疆维吾尔自治区是黑加仑的原产地之一，尤其是北疆阿勒泰市山区的生态条件非常适合黑加仑的生长发育。阿勒泰市库尔木图矿区经开矿采金后，河床两岸的大片草场遭到严重破坏、水土流失、砂石裸露，植被生长的土壤环境破坏严重，矿区环境日益恶化[5]。……