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农村电商的经济形式选择影响因素分析

2018-06-08张美蕊

湖北农业科学 2018年8期

张美蕊

摘要:探讨沙集镇东风村由单纯电商到前店后厂式的家庭生产组织转变的影响因素,并以文献资料和实地调研访谈为基础分析了单纯电商经济形式的弊病,以及前店后厂式的适用原因。研究表明,农村电商的经济形式选择主要受到生产和交易成本及以“自己人”为圈子的熟人社会背景两个重要因素的影响。现行的前店后厂的经济形式仍存在村内电商思想滞后、集约化生产遇到瓶颈等问题。

关键词:经济形式;市场与组织;“自己人”;沙集镇

中图分类号:F320.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)08-0126-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.08.031

Analysis on the Influence Factors of Economic Form Selection of Rural E-commerce

——A Case of Sand Town Dongfeng Furniture Business

ZHANG Mei-rui

(School of Public Management, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: To explore what factors may influence the transformation process of Sand town East village from a single electrical contractor to “front shop,back factory” family production organization,on the basis of literature and field investigation interview,the disadvantages of the “single electric business” economic form and application of the “front shop,back factory” type were analyzed. Research showed that,the economic form selection of rural e-commerce was mainly influenced by two important factors:the low cost of production and transaction,as well as the acquaintances society background with “One of us” as a circle. The current economic form of “front shop,back factory” still existed problems such as the idea lag of village business and the bottleneck of intensive production.

Key words: economic form; market and organization; “one of us”; Shaji town

沙集鎮位于江苏省徐州市睢宁县东部,总面积66 km2,辖17个行政村,264个村民组,1.3万户,人口6万人,劳动力3万人。地理位置优越,东临宿迁,西靠徐州,南接安徽,北望山东,是徐州市“国家级重点中心镇”“徐连经济带”的中心地区。沙集镇东风村因淘宝电子商务产业在村庄内的集中化发展而被中外学者广泛关注。有了网络销售平台,沙集镇在短期内形成了集原料加工、图纸设计、生产制造、网页制作与摄影、物流配送、配件供给等为一体的市场产业链条。短暂的几年,简易拼装家具的火爆网销更是为沙集东风村冠上了“中国淘宝第一村”的称号。随之,沙集镇凭借这种“农户+互联网+公司”的沙集模式[1],吸纳了大量农村剩余劳动力,将网络的高效能嫁接于家具产业的发展上,实现了电子商务集体创业效益的最大化。沙集镇在发展的同时,提高了本村村民的经济生活水平,解决了劳动力外流问题,这种高成就使得沙集镇成为了全国落后农村争相学习的典范。……

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