丁凡 余韩开宗 刘丽芳 陈年伟 邹雪 余金龙

摘要：为了探索紫色甘薯高产栽培技术，以不覆膜为对照，研究了黑膜和白膜对绵渝紫11鲜薯产量、大中薯率和经济效益的影响。结果表明，覆膜能显著提高紫色甘薯的鲜薯产量，覆黑膜和白膜比不覆膜分别增产14.64%和7.81%，其中覆黑膜增产极显著；覆膜后紫色甘薯的大中薯率分别提高15.54个百分点和14.72个百分点；覆膜还能提高紫色甘薯种植的经济效益，增加投入产出比，覆盖黑膜，紫色甘薯净收益增加11 643.90元/hm2，收益增加52.73%；覆盖白膜，紫色甘薯净收益增加8 799.80元/hm2，收益增加39.85%。覆膜后，增产增收效果非常显著，其中以覆盖黑膜效果最佳，在紫色甘薯种植中，推荐黑色地膜覆盖栽培技术。

关键词：紫色甘薯；地膜覆盖；产量；经济效益

中图分类号：S531 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）08-0014-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.08.003

Study on Cultural Technology of Purple Sweet Potato with Plastic Mulching

DING Fan，YUHAN Kai-zong，LIU Li-fang，CHEN Nian-wei，ZOU Xue，YU Jin-long

（Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Sichuan Province，Mianyang 621023， Sichuan， China）

Abstract： In order to explore the high-yield cultural technology of purple sweet potato， black plastic film and white plastic film were used to study the effect of plastic mulching on fresh yield， rate of large and medium-sized tuber and economic benefit of purple sweet potato variety Mianyuzi 11. The results showed that plastic mulching could significantly increase the fresh yield of purple sweet potato. Compared to no plastic mulching， black plastic mulching and white plastic mulching increased the fresh yield by 14.64% and 7.81% and increased the rate of large and medium-sized tuber by 15.54% and 14.72%， respectively. Plastic mulching could also improve the economic benefit of purple sweet potato and increase the input-output ratio. The net income increased 11 643.90 yuan/hm2 by black plastic film mulching， with an increase of 52.73%. The net income increased 8 799.80 yuan/hm2 by white plastic film mulching， with an increase of 39.85%. The effect of increasing fresh yield and economic benefit by plastic mulching was very significant， especially by black plastic film mulching. Therefore we recommend the black plastic film mulching in purple sweet potato planting.

Key words： purple sweet potato； plastic mulching； fresh yield； economic benefit

甘薯是四川省重要的粮食作物，居于水稻、小麦、玉米之后，排第四位，常年种植面积在67万hm2以上[1]。 四川省是传统的淀粉加工区域，据国家甘薯产业技术体系绵阳综合试验站调研，在绵阳市除有产业化龙头企业光友薯业、白家粉丝等产业化龙头企业外，仅绵阳市三台县还有大大小小的甘薯粉条粉丝加工企业、作坊等近300家。由于产业发展特点，一直以來，四川省种植的甘薯主要以淀粉型甘薯为主，紫色甘薯种植极少。近年来，随着人们对紫色甘薯研究的不断深入，其保健作用也被人们所认识和接受，种植面积也不断扩大，开展紫色甘薯高产栽培技术研究也正是顺应了这一产业发展需求。……