张棋 黄敏 李允 朱文欢 黄天乐 刘子栋 邵端 李莉娟

摘要：从重庆引进大鳞鲃亲鱼进行了人工繁殖试验及胚胎发育观察。结果表明，注射LHRH-A2 3.5 μg/kg、HCG 600 IU/kg、DOM 3.5 μg/kg催产效果最佳，水温21～25 ℃，效应时间18 h，受精率68.0%，孵化率26.1%。雌性亲鱼相对产卵量7.7万/kg，卵为灰白色，漂浮性卵，无黏性，卵重360个/g，卵径1.5 mm，吸水后膨胀卵径达4.5 mm。孵化到仔鱼出膜需53～56 h，140 h后开口摄食。

关键词：大鳞鲃；人工繁殖；胚胎发育

中图分类号：S961.2；Q132 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）08-0100-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.08.025

Artificial Propagation and Observations on the Embryonic

Development of Barbus capito

ZHANG Qi1，HUANG Min1，LI Yun2，ZHU Wen-huan1，HUANG Tian-le1，LIU Zi-dong1，SHAO Duan1，LI Li-juan3

（1.Wuhan Aquaculture Technology and Popularization Center，Wuhan 430012，China；2.Wuhan Yushuiqing Ecological Fisheries Development Ltd.，Wuhan 430040，China；3.College of Fisheries，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China）

Abstract： In order to enrich the varieties of aquaculture in Wuhan，Barbus capito as parent fish were introduced from Chongqing. This study investigated the artificial propagation and embryonic development of Barbus capito. The results showed the injection of 3.5 μg/kg LHRH-A2，600 IU/kg HCG and 3.5 μg/kg DOM made better spawning effect. When the water temperature between 21～25 ℃，the response time of oxytocic was 18 h，the fertilization rate of eggs was 68.0%，and the hatchability rate was 26.1%. The relative fecundity of female parent fish was 77 000/kg，the eggs were offwhite，pelagic and non-viscid. The weight of egg was 360 g，the diameter of egg was 1.5 mm，and expanded to 4.5 mm after absorbing water.It took 53～56 h from being fertilized to hatching as larva stage，and took 140 h to initial feeding.

Key words： Barbus capito； artificial propagation； embryonic development

大鳞鲃（Barbus capito）隶屬鲤科鲃亚科鲃属，原产于乌兹别克斯坦，为洄游性鱼类，生活在咸海水域，生殖季节期间洄游到阿姆河进行自然繁衍[1，2]。具有食性广、生长快、耐盐碱、抗逆性强、适应性强、肉质鲜美等特点，成鱼体重可达3～6 kg，是当地名贵大型经济鱼类之一。

为丰富武汉地区水产养殖品种，优化产业结构，提高养殖效益，武汉渔水情生态渔业发展有限公司从重庆地区引进性成熟大鳞鲃亲鱼进行人工繁殖试验，为后续推广大鳞鲃养殖解决苗种供应问题奠定了基础。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验亲鱼

2017年3月6日从重庆地区引进4龄性成熟亲鱼18尾，雌性9尾，雄性9尾，经过2个月驯养，雌性体重2.20～3.05 kg，雄性体重1.65～2.45 kg。

1.2 人工催产

2017年5月4日，水温稳定在21～25 ℃，亲鱼分为3组，分别为A、B、C，每组数量相等，雌雄比 1∶1。雌鱼注射两次，注射药物及剂量、注射间隔时间见表1。雄鱼只注射第二针，剂量为雌鱼剂量减半，注射方法均为胸鳍基部腹腔注射。注射后于暂养池暂养，暂养池3.0 m×2.0 m×0.8 m，水深0.5 m，流水刺激。

当发现水体中有漂流的鱼卵后，将亲鱼捞出，采用干法人工授精。……