李鹏程 裴佳龙 彭霄鹏 王茜 王曙光

摘要：對中国与美国3个不同地理种源的人面竹（Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. et C. Riv.） 竹笋的营养成分进行测定并比较，分析人面竹竹笋的营养与食用价值，以期为人面竹竹笋的开发利用提供依据。结果表明，各种源人面竹竹笋含水率差异不大，南京种源含水率最高（90.63%），昆明种源（89.92%）其次，美国Pineville种源含水率最低（88.69%）；总糖含量是昆明种源最高（46.93%），美国Pineville种源最低（17.54%）；粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量是南京种源最高，昆明种源次之，美国Pineville种源最低；粗纤维含量是美国Pineville种源最高（9.78%），昆明种源和南京种源差异不大。矿质元素检测中，常量元素K含量最为丰富，美国Pineville种源的K含量是昆明种源和南京种源的2倍；微量元素表现出美国Pineville种源>南京种源>昆明种源的趋势。17种氨基酸含量检测中，南京种源和美国Pineville种源的氨基酸总量表现出明显的优势，蛋氨酸和胱氨酸为其第一限制氨基酸；昆明种源的必需氨基酸含量同样低于其他两种源地，其第一限制氨基酸为苏氨酸。

关键词：人面竹（Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. et C. Riv.）；竹笋；种源；营养成分

中图分类号：S644.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）08-0081-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.08.021

Comparison of the Nutritional Components of Phyllostachys aurea Bamboo Shoots from Different Geographical Provenances

LI Peng-cheng1，PEI Jia-long1，PENG Xiao-peng2，WANG Qian1，WANG Shu-guang1

（1.College of Life Science， Southwest Forestry University， Kunming 650224， China；2.State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding， Research Institute of Forestry， Chinese Academy of Forestry， Beijing 100091， China）

Abstract： The nutritional components in bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. et C. Riv. of 3 different geographical provenance from China and the US were analyzed and compared； Nutrition and edible value of bamboo shoots has been analyzed in order to provide a theoretical basis for development and utilization of P. aurea. The results shows that the water content has little difference among different provenance； The content from high to low is Nanjing（90.63%）， Kunming （89.92%） and Pineville （88.69%）； Total sugar content in provenance of Kunming is the highest （46.93%）， while in the US is the lowest（17.54%）； The descending order of advantage object for crude protein and crude fat is Nanjing>Kunming>Pineville. Crude fiber has little difference between the provenances of Kunming and Nanjing； and Pineville has slight advantage（9.78%）. K content is the most abundant in the detection of mineral elements. K content in provenance of Pineville is twice as much as Kunming and Nanjing， microelements shows the variation trend of Pineville>Nanjing>Kunming. The total amino acids in provenance of Nanjing and Pineville shows a clear significant advantage in detected content of 17 kinds of amino acids； Methionine and cystine are their first limiting amino acids. The essential amino acid content of Kunming provenance is also lower than the others； And its first limiting amino acid is threonine.

Key words： Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. et C. Riv.； bamboo shoots； geographical provenance； nutrients

人面竹（Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. et C. Riv.）为禾本科（Gramineae）刚竹属（Phyllostachys Sieb. et Zucc.）一种优质的笋材两用竹种，其竹高5～12 m，直径2～5 cm，主要分布于黄河以南，因其节间形态特殊而广受人们喜爱，多以培养观赏为主，现在世界各地已广为引种栽培。早在1882年，人面竹作为一种庭院观赏植物在美国尤其是在阿拉巴马州被大面积引种栽培，用来隔离视线及噪音，后来因其快速地繁殖以及缺乏相应的管理，同时美国人不食用……