胡宇乐

[摘要] 近年来国内幼儿性侵事件频发，已成社会关注之焦点。该研究基于对幼儿性侵方面的国内外现有研究进行分析，分析主要立足于学龄前儿童的社会道德认知发展不成熟特性，国外在法律、相关机构以及教育体系上的惩处以及预防措施，我国相应的法律政策以及幼儿性教育发展的现状3个方面；并通过向山东省潍坊市发放相关问题的调查问卷，发现我国幼儿性教育的缺失是导致悲剧频发的重要原因之一。据此，该研究在山东省潍坊市某幼儿园进行教育实践，分析实践过程及成果，并就政府、家长、幼儿园及教师三方在完善法律、加大执法力度、完善心理干预和矫正制度、真正用心监护儿童、推广幼儿性教育等方面提出对我国幼儿性教育发展的展望以及建议。

[关键词] 学龄前儿童；性侵；预防；性教育

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2018）01（c）-0185-05

Reflection and Reconstruction of Sex Education System of Pre-school Children

HU Yu-le

Nursing school， Peking Union Medical College， Beijing， 100041 China

[Abstract] In recent years， the children sexual abuse events have frequently occurred， which has already been the focus of the society， and the paper analyzes the research status of infant sexual abuse at home and abroad based on the immature features of social morality recognition development， punishment and preventive measures in legal and relevant institutions and education system abroad， and corresponding legal policies and infant education development status in China， and the questionnaire of relevant problems of Weifang shows the infant education loss in China is a major cause of frequent tragedies， based on the above， the paper conducts the education practice of kindergarten in Weifang， analyzes the practice process and results and puts forwards the prospect and suggestion of infant education development in China from the aspects of improving laws by government， parents， kindergarten and teachers， increase the law enforcement force， improve the mental intervention and correction system， truly monitor children and promote the infant education.

[Key words] Pre-school children； Sexual abuse； Prevention； Sexual education

近年來，学龄前儿童性侵事件曝光率突增，引起社会与学界的广泛关注与激烈讨论。“2017年8月12日发生在南京南站候车室的成年男子当众猥亵小女孩事件引发热议”[1]。仅2016年媒体公开报道的性侵儿童（14岁以下）案件就多达433起，受害人778人（表述为多人受害但没写具体人数的，按3人计算），平均每天曝光1.21起。其中，受害者年龄最小的不到2岁，6岁及以下学龄前儿童共计125人[2]。大多数受害者选择了沉默。这种沉默是源自于社会大环境的偏见，它造成的二次伤害，既隐形又压抑，让受害者及其家庭在诉诸法律后，却不得不“负重前行”，受侵害往往成为了孩子的过错。……