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老年糖尿病患者合并感染后胰岛素强化治疗的临床探讨

2018-03-31林晨张祥捷

中外医疗 2018年1期
关键词:糖尿病

林晨 张祥捷

[摘要] 目的 探討老年糖尿病患者合并感染后胰岛素强化治疗的有效性。方法 回顾性分析该院2015年1月—2017年11月收治的66例老年2型糖尿病合并感染患者的临床资料,根据是否采取胰岛素强化治疗进行分组;对照组占32例,采取甘精胰岛素联合格列美脲、二甲双胍治疗;观察组34例,模拟胰岛素泵工作模式,应用三短一长多次胰岛素注射强化治疗方案,具体如下:餐前10 min皮下注射门冬胰岛素,3次/d;睡前皮下注射甘精胰岛素,1次/d;对比两组治疗前后的血糖水平,以血糖达标时间、感染控制时间、住院时间、低血糖发生率作为观察指标。结果 观察组治疗后的FPG、2 hPG、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β水平分别为(6.01±0.47)mmol/L、(10.2±0.49)mmol/L、(2.13±0.73)、(49.86±24.54),对照组分别为(7.43±2.72)mmol/L、(11.3±2.45)mmol/L、(2.69±1.03)、(38.74±15.85);两组数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组血糖达标时间、感染控制时间、住院时间、低血糖发生率分别为(5.06±0.74)d、(7.41±1.03)d、(12.1±1.59)d、11.76%,对照组分别为(7.58±1.28)d、(9.45±1.25)d、(15.2±3.68)d、31.25%,两组数据差异有统计学意义(t=5.845、6.045、5.425、χ2=12.548,P<0.05)。结论 胰岛素强化治疗可迅速降低老年2型糖尿病合并感染患者的血糖水平,有助于控制感染,较少发生低血糖,可能与胰岛β细胞功能密切相关。

[关键词] 糖尿病;老年患者;感染;胰岛素强化;低血糖

[中图分类号] R5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)01(a)-0123-03

Clinical Observation of Intensive Insulin Treatment in Elderly Diabetic Patients with Infection

LIN Chen, ZHANG Xiang-jie

Cadre Area,Fujian Provincial Cadres Hospital,Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350003 China

[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to investigate the effectiveness of intensive insulin therapy in elderly diabetic patients with infection. Methods A retrospective analysis of 66 cases of elderly patients in the hospital from January 2015 to November 2017 were analyzed retrospectively the clinical data of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with infection, according to whether the intensive insulin treatment group; the control group accounted for 32 cases, taking insulin glargine combined with glimepiride and metformin treatment; the observation group accounted for 34 cases, the work model of insulin pump, application of three short and long several injections of insulin therapy as follows: subcutaneous injection of insulin aspart 10min before meals, 3 times daily before bedtime; subcutaneous injection of insulin glargine, every day 1 times; two groups were compared before and after treatment of blood glucose level, the blood glucose time, infection control time, hospitalization time, incidence of hypoglycemia rate as observation index. Results The levels of FPG, 2 hPG, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β in the observation group were (6.01±0.47) mmol/L, (10.2±0.49) mmol/L,(2.13±0.73) and (49.86±24.54), the control group of (7.43±2.72) mmol/L, (11.3±2.45) mmol/L, (2.69±1.03), (38.74±15.85), respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05). The time of blood glucose control, infection control and hospital stay, and the incidences of hypoglycemia were(5.06±0.74) d and (7.41± 1.03) d, respectively(12.1±1.59) d and 11.76% in the observation group; in the control group were (7.58±1.28) d and(9.45±1.25) d, respectively (15.2±3.68) d, 31.25% respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups(t=5.845, 6.045, 5.425, χ2=12.548,P<0.05). Conclusion Insulin intensive treatment can rapidly reduce blood glucose level in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and infection, help to control infection, and reduce hypoglycemia, which may be closely related to the function of islet β cells.

[Key words] Diabetes; Elderly patients; Infection; Insulin intensification; Hypoglycemia

对于老年糖尿病患者而言,因高血糖导致患者的代谢紊乱、免疫力降低,容易合并呼吸、泌尿、生殖系统感染,不仅增大降糖治疗难度,还不利于感染病情的转归。临床学者普遍认为迅速控制血糖作为老年糖尿病合并感染患者的首要治疗目的,旨在改善患者的预后,促进病情转归。既往针对老年2型糖尿病患者的降糖治疗,临床普遍采取基础胰岛素联合口服降糖药治疗为主,但对于老年糖尿病合并感染患者而言,采取上述降糖方案治疗期间的血糖波动明显,稳定性较差,与未能改善胰岛β细胞功能密切相关,导致低血糖发生率较高[1-2]。当前,临床学者更倾向采取胰岛素强化治疗老年糖尿病合并感染患者,应用三短一长多次注射胰岛素方案,迅速降低患者的血糖,且稳定血糖水平,但尚未形成统一定论,且安全性仍存在争议。……

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