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尿毒症血液透析患者动静脉内瘘血流量对心功能的影响

2018-03-07梁兴澜陈勇平

中外医疗 2017年35期
关键词:血液透析尿毒症心功能

梁兴澜+陈勇平

[摘要] 目的 探究動静脉内瘘血流量大小对尿毒症维血液透析患者心功能指标的影响。 方法 方便选择2015年1月—2016年1月福建省龙岩市第二医院肾内科利用动静脉内瘘行维持性血液透析的90例慢性肾衰竭患者作为研究对象,依据AVFB测量值分为3组,超过600 mL/min 命名为高流量组(29 例); 400~600 mL/min之间的命名为中流量组(33 例);不足400 mL/min 患者命名为低流量组(28例)。比较3组患者透析前、后CO、CI、EF以及高危事件发生率和内瘘失功能发生率。结果 高流量组患者高危事件发生率(44.83%)明显高于中、低流量组(18.18%、14.29%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低流量组患者内瘘失功能发生率(32.14%)明显高于中、高流量组(9.09%、6.90%),差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05)。透析前后,高、中、低流量组CO、CI 和 EF 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高流量组各指标值显著高于低流量组和中流量组(P<0.05)。与透析前比较,低流量组透析后与透析前变异不大,中流量组、高流量组 CO、CI 和 EF 水平均较透析前升高(P<0.05)。结论 动静脉内瘘血流量控制在400~600 mL/min为宜,较好减少对患者心功能造成影响。

[关键词] 尿毒症;血液透析;动静脉瘘;心功能

[中图分类号] R459 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2017)12(b)-0040-03

[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of internal arteriovenous fistula blood flow on the cardiac function of patients with Uremia hemodialysis. Methods 90 cases of chronic renal failure patients with internal arteriovenous fistula for mintenance hemodialysis in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 convenient were selected as the research objects and divided into three groups according to the AVFB measurement value, including the high flow group with 29 cases(>600 mL/min), moderate flow group with 33 cases (400~600 mL/min), and the low flow group with 28 cases (<400 mL/min), and the CO, CI, EF, incidence rate of high-risk events and incidence rate of iternal fistula failure before and after dialysis were compared between the three groups. Results The incidence rate of high-risk events in the high flow group was obviously higher than that in the moderate and low flow groups(44.83% vs 18.18%,14.29%), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05), and the incidence rate of internal fistula failure n the low flow group was obviously higher than that in the moderate and high flow groups (32.14% vs 9.09%,6.90%), and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05), and the differences in the CO, CI, EF between the three groups were statistically significant(P<0.05), and various indicators in the high flow group were obviously higher than those in the low flow group and in the moderate flow group(P<0.05), and the difference in the low flow group before and after hemodialysis was not obvious, and the CO,CI and EF in the moderate flow group and high flow group increased compared with those before hemodialysis(P<0.05). Conclusion The blood flow of internal arteriovenous fistula controlled between 400 and 600ml/min is proper, which can better reduce the effect on the cardiac function of patients.endprint

[Key words] Uremia; Hemodialysis; Arteriovenous fistula; Cardiac function

终末期肾病患者常如合并高血压、糖尿病等慢性疾病,从而导致肾功能长期受损,进而引起一系列临床症状,严重威胁患者的生命安全。临床上肾源有限等不确定因素,很多患者没有接受肾移植的机会,从而要进行维持性血液透析使疾病得到一定的救治[1]。心血管疾病是慢性肾脏替代治疗患者死亡的主要原因之一,动静脉瘘(AVFs)血栓形成和感染率较低,被认为是大多数需要透析的晚期肾脏疾病患者建立血管通路的理想选择。该文于2015年1月—2016年1月间应用彩色多普勒超声检查来观察90例尿毒症血液透析患者心排出量(CO) 、心脏指数(CI) 和射血分数(EF)的变化,目的在于探讨动静脉内瘘血流量对心功能的影响,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

方便选择福建省龙岩市第二医院肾内科利用动静脉内瘘(前臂动脉端端或端侧吻合)行维持性血液透析的90例慢性肾衰竭患者作为研究对象,男57例,女33例; ……

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