韦有全+黄海清

【摘要】 血管加压素在临床上又称为精氨酸血管加压素、垂体后叶加压素，属于临床常用的抗利尿激素之一，可有效促进血管收缩，具有较显著的抗利尿作用，该药物主要是通过直接刺激平滑肌V1受体而发挥药效，主要作用为调节机体的渗透压，对保持心血管稳定、维持血流动力学以及维持内环境稳定具有较积极的意义。同时，有研究显示，该药物可在一定程度上调节机体的中枢神经系统、认知功能、记忆功能等。目前，临床常將其用于治疗各类疾病中，其中以心血管疾病较为常见。由于血管加压素的作用机制较复杂，为便于临床更好运用血管加压素，有必要对血管加压素的相关知识进行分析研究。本文将对血管加压素进行分析和综述，主要对血管加压素的作用机制以及血管加压素对严重低血压、心肺复苏、血管扩张性休克、门脉高压征等疾病的应用效果进行详细分析，以此为临床应用血管加压素提供依据。

【关键词】 血管加压素； 临床应用； 心血管效应； 心肺复苏； 血管扩张性休克； 门脉高压征

【Abstract】 Vasopressin also known in clinic for arginine vasopressin and vasopressin，which belongs to one of the clinical commonly used antidiuretic hormone can effectively promote vasoconstriction，has significant anti diuretic effect，the drug is mainly effect by direct stimulation of smooth muscle V1 receptor.A major role for osmotic adjustment of body pressure，to maintain cardiovascular stability，maintain hemodynamics and maintain a stable internal environment has positive significance，at the same time，studies have shown that the drug can regulate the body's central nervous system to a certain extent，cognitive function，memory function and so on.At present，it is often used for clinical treatment all kinds of diseases，including cardiovascular diseases are more common.The mechanism of hormone vasopressin is relatively complex，in order to facilitate better clinical use of vasopressin，it is necessary to vasopressor related knowledge into pigment this paper will study.Analysis of vasopressin were reviewed on blood vessels，mainly on the effect of vasopressin and vasopressin on the mechanism of severe hypotension，cardiopulmonary resuscitation，vasodilatory shock，a detailed analysis of the application effect of portal hypertension and other diseases，in order to provide the basis for clinical application of hormone vasopressin.

【Key words】 Vasopressin； Clinical application； Cardiovascular effect； Cardiopulmonary resuscitation； Vascular dilatation shock； Portal hypertension syndrome

First-authors address：The Second Peoples Hospital of Qinzhou，Qinzhou 535099，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.02.034

血管加压素（Arginine vasopressin，AVP）在机体内的主要作用是调节渗透压、调节心血管稳定、维持内环境稳定，此外还参与中枢热调节、中枢痛觉调节等，并对认知、记忆和行为调节等可能产生影响。AVP合成后经突触进入脑垂体后叶，并贮存其中及释放，因而“垂体后叶素”中含有AVP，因也称为垂体后叶加压素（Pituitarii Posterrioris，Pitressin）。AVP最早被发现有抗利尿作用，故又称抗利尿激素（Antidiuretic hormone，ADH）。……