mPTP在心肌线粒体氧化应激损伤诱导细胞凋亡的研究进展
2018-02-07韩学超徐森徐菁蔓
韩学超+徐森+徐菁蔓
【摘要】 自1970年线粒体膜转换特性被发现至今,线粒体在调控细胞凋亡,控制物质进出方面的作用已经获得广泛认可。线粒体通透性转化孔(mPTP)是该特性的载体,当内膜通透性增加时,一些分子量小于1.5×103 Da的小分子可以自由通过。现有研究表明,氧化应激,钙超载,活性氧(ROS)增加等参与了心肌缺血再灌注损伤,但是氧化应激通过线粒体途径诱导心肌细胞凋亡的具体机制,及mPTP的具体分子结构、功能和调控节点尚不清楚。因此本文中主要对现在公认的线粒体mPTP的结构以及氧化应激状态下心肌细胞模型线粒体mPTP的各种病理变化以及可能涉及的损伤机制的研究进展进行综述,论证mPTP的靶向治疗对抑制心肌细胞凋亡的可行性,为治疗心肌缺血再灌注损伤提供一些新的研究思路。
【关键词】 线粒体; mPTP; 氧化应激; 心肌细胞; 凋亡
【Abstract】 Since 1970,mitochondrial membrane transition properties have been found so far,mitochondria in the regulation of apoptosis,control of substances in and out of the role has been widely recognized.Mitochondrial permeability conversion pore(mPTP) is the carrier of this characteristic.When the permeability of the membrane increases, some small molecules with molecular weight less than 1.5×103 Da are free to pass.Previous studies have shown that oxidative stress, calcium overload, and reactive oxygen species(ROS) are involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,but the specific mechanism of oxidative stress through mitochondrial pathway-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis and the specific molecular structure of mPTP,function and control node is not clear.Therefore,this article mainly on the now recognized mitochondrial mPTP structure and oxidative stress cardiomyocytes model mitochondrial mPTP various pathological changes and possible damage mechanisms involved in the research progress,demonstrated mPTP targeted therapy to inhibit cardiomyocytes.The feasibility of apoptosis for the treatment of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury provide some new research ideas.
【Key words】 Mitochondria; mPTP; Oxidative stress; Cardiomyocytes; Apoptosis
First-authors address:North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.02.032
心臟中心肌细胞经过短暂的缺血缺氧后,给予缺血缺氧的心肌细胞快速恢复血供时,虽然能使心肌细胞的血液供应恢复到以前的状态,但是对心肌细胞的损伤不仅没有得到相应的缓解,反而使心肌细胞的损伤程度加深加重,严重时甚至可能出现心肌细胞的凋亡,称其为心肌缺血再灌注损伤(myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,MIRI)[1]。
细胞程序性死亡(programmed cell death,PCD)是定义为在相关联的基因、蛋白、信号通路的控制之下,机体通过“自杀性”的方式清除本身体内非必需的细胞,以及特定的或者有一定程度损伤的细胞的过程[2]。PCD的分类:内源性凋亡与外源性凋亡,细胞自噬,坏死性凋亡等[3]。……
