王秀华

【摘要】 目的：探討运动指导联合饮食干预在妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）患者中的护理效果及对妊娠结局的影响。方法：选取2017年1月-2018年1月本院收治的妊娠期糖尿病患者86例作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组，各43例。对照组给予常规护理，研究组给予运动指导联合饮食干预，比较两组干预前后的血糖变化、妊娠结局、SAS及SDS评分情况。结果：干预前两组空腹、早餐后、午餐后、晚餐后及睡前血糖水平比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；干预后，研究组各时间段血糖水平均明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组各项不良妊娠结局均明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预前两组SAS、SDS评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；干预后，研究组SAS、SDS评分均明显优于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：利用运动指导联合饮食护理妊娠期糖尿病患者，有助于改善妊娠结局，能调节血糖水平，缓解患者的负面情绪，值得在临床上推广应用。

【关键词】 运动指导； 饮食干预； 妊娠期糖尿病； 妊娠结局

【Abstract】 Objective：To explore the nursing effect of exercise guidance combined with dietary intervention in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） and its influence on pregnancy outcome.Method：A total of 86 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected as study objects. According to the random number table method，they were divided into control group and study group，43 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing，the study group was given exercise guidance combined with dietary intervention.The changes of blood glucose， pregnancy outcome，SAS and SDS scores before and after intervention between the two groups were compared.Result：There were no significant differences in fasting，postbreakfast，postlunch，postdinner and pre-sleep blood glucose levels between the two groups before intervention （P>0.05）；after intervention，the blood glucose levels at all times in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group，the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）.The adverse pregnancy outcomes in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group，the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.There were no significant differences in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups before intervention （P>0.05）；after intervention， SAS and SDS scores of the study group were significantly better than those of the control group，the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）.Conclusion：Exercise guidance combined with dietary intervention for gestational diabetes mellitus patients is helpful to improve the pregnancy outcome，regulate the level of blood glucose，alleviate the negative emotions of patients and is worthy of clinical application.

【Key words】 Exercise guidance； Dietary intervention； Gestational diabetes mellitus； Pregnancy outcome

First-authors address：Ganzhou Municipal Hospital，Ganzhou 341000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.31.020

妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）是妊娠期常见的一种并发症，是指孕妇在妊娠期间出现的糖耐量异常或显示出的不同程度的高血糖[1]。病因多于孕妇一般发病早期，孕妇会呈现出焦虑、抑郁、烦躁等负面情绪，极大地影响孕妇的分娩。我国妊娠期糖尿病的发病率1%～5%[2]。若孕妇的血糖水平无法控制在一定范围内，那么将有可能导致孕妇出现感染、流产、早产、妊娠期高血压疾病等后果，因此，提高妊娠期糖尿病患者的护理质量就显得尤为重要，目前，临床多通过饮食干预、药物治疗以及运动疗法来控制患者的血糖水平，药物治疗多应用胰岛素，但这种方法容易引起低血糖，因此，本院利用运动指导联合饮食干预护理妊娠期糖尿病患者，发现护理效果良好，现具体报道如下。