大众传媒语境中的“艺术真实”探析
2018-01-22厉梅
厉梅
[摘 要]艺术真实是指通过假定性的情境来反映社会生活内蕴的真实,其中潜藏着通过反思建构合规律性与合目的性相统一的历史理性这一总体性叙事。而这一叙事在后现代理論的辐照下,被“不合情合理的可能”这一创伤性的偶然态所逼视、质疑。在大众传媒语境中,“不合情合理的可能”与“艺术真实”的短路,让我们意识到新闻真实中的“知晓”和艺术真实中的“相信”这两个维度的博弈,意识到文学艺术的魅力在于让大众在“相信”中重建自己的主体性,从而实现从艺术到现实的过渡。
[关键词]大众传媒;艺术真实;新闻真实;知晓;相信
[中图分类号]I0 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1671-8372(2017)04-0113-05
Abstract:Artistic reality refers to the intrinsic truth of social life reflected by the hypothetical scenarios, which hides a general narration of the historical rationality by reflecting on the unification of the regularity and the purposiveness. And in the irradiation of the post-modern theory, this narrative is viewed and questioned by the “unreasonable possibility”, which is accidental traumatic states. In the context of mass media, the short-circuit of the “unreasonable possibility” and the “artistic truth” make us be aware of the game of “knowing” and “believing” in two dimension in real news, the charming of arts lying in the fact that it is in the “belief” that the public can reconstruct its subjectivity, thus to achieve the transition from art to reality.
Key words:mass media; artistic truth; the truth of news; knowing; belief
对于文学艺术来说,真实是一个关键词。真实是劳动的、情感的、欲望的、分裂的主体孜孜以求的,那么,真实能否获得?生活真实,即历史上曾出现过和当下存在的现象、事件等,如朱元璋是明朝第一个皇帝,似乎是可以毫无迟疑地确认的真实,然而这种真实是无法还原的,因为一经主体介入,就开始了对生活真实的阐释,如关于朱元璋如何做了皇帝则言人人殊。正如新历史主义所说,一切历史都是当代史。真实存在于阐释之中,即使是对讲求客观、冷静的科学来说,真实也是相对的,因为它受到认识主体自身认识能力的限制。这就使得真实具有了艺术的维度,文学的特质。简言之,真实可分为生活真实、客观真实、直觉真实。在马克思主义文学反映论看来,文学艺术追求的是一种直觉的艺术真实。……
