胡泽文 刘硕 冯睿 张小菜

〔摘要〕基于Web of Science數据库，以中美英图书情报学领域1990-1994年和2010-2014年期间文献的施引文献为样本，计量分析了：1）美国在1990-1994年和2010-2014年期间的施引文献特征：国别、机构、来源期刊、开源、类型和语言及其之间的差异；2）中美英2010-2014年期间图书情报学领域的施引文献特征及其之间的差异，揭示出中美英3国1990-1994年和2010-2014年期间图书情报学领域的施引特征分布情况及科学交流概况。研究发现：1）1990-2015年美国的年均发文数量是中国年均发文数量的24倍；2）中美英图书情报学领域的主要施引国家基本一致；3）美英图书情报学领域新时期（2010-2014）的主要施引机构中，出现香港城市大学、中国科学院大学和武汉大学等中国大学的身影；4）美国图书情报学领域施引文献的开源程度最高，比例达到1073%；5）中美英3国图书情报学领域的主要施引文献类型基本一致，全部为论文、会议论文、综述、专著和社论材料，且论文和会议论文的占比均在91%以上。

〔关键词〕图书情报学；施引文献；特征；国别；语言；计量分析

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2018.11.017

〔中图分类号〕G250252〔文献标识码〕A〔文章编号〕1008-0821（2018）11-0095-10

Quantitative Analysis of the Characteristics of Citing Literatures from

Library and Information Science DisciplineHu ZewenLiu ShuoFeng RuiZhang Xiaocai

（School of Management and Engineering，Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology，

Nanjing 210044，China）

〔Abstract〕Based on the Web of Science database，the citing literatures of the Chinese，American and British literatures in two different periods：1990-1994 and 2010-2014 from Library and Information Science discipline were used as samples to analyze：（1）the characteristics of the American citing literatures in two different periods，including country，institution，source journal，open source，type and language，as well as the differences among them；（2）the characteristics of citing literatures during 2010-2014 from China，the United States and the United Kingdom，as well as the differences among three countries，thus revealing the map for the distribution of citing characteristics and the scientific exchanges among three countries.This study found that：（1）the average number of articles published in the United States in 1990-2015 was 24 times that of the average number of articles published in China；（2）the major citing countries in Library and Information Science in China，the United States，and the United Kingdom were basically consistent；（3）Chinese universities such as City University of Hong Kong，University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Wuhan University became the major citing institutions of the United States and the United Kingdom in new period（2010-2014）；（4）The open source degree of citing literatures in library and Information Science in the United States was the highest，with a ratio of 1073%；（5）The major types of citing literatures in library and information science in China，the United States and the United Kingdom were basically the same，all of which were papers，conference papers，reviews，monographs and editorial materials，and the proportion of papers and conference papers was above 91%.

〔Key words〕library and information science；citing literature；feature；country；language；bibliometrics

文献计量分析是目前图书情报学领域最活跃的研究方向之一，在期刊评价、科研效绩评价、图书馆文献资源配置和信息服务、科技管理以及学科建设等领域得到越来越广泛的应用。论文的引文分布和特征分析是文献计量学领域的核心问题[1]，1963年，Eugene Garfield创建了科学引文索引SCI，掀起了引文分析（Citation Analysis）的新篇章[2]。随后围绕着引文网络、共被引分析、自引、影响因子和新理论等主题，“文献耦合”[3]、“科学引文网络”[4]、“同被引”[5]、“引文可视化”[6]、“睡美人”[7]等概念相继被提出。……