二语写作中同伴反馈研究述评
2017-12-02裘莹莹马广惠
裘莹莹 马广惠
关键词:同伴反馈;二语写作;反馈类型;反馈效能;反馈接受度;反馈培训
摘要:二语写作中的同伴反馈作为审查和修订阶段的中心内容之一,在二语写作中起着不可或缺的作用,受到研究者的重视。通过对同伴反馈研究的梳理分析发现,该领域主要从同伴反馈的类型、同伴反馈的效能、同伴反馈的接受度、同伴反馈的培训四方面进行研究;但是缺乏对本族语同伴反馈特征的研究和反馈文本的认知研究,同时,存在研究方法创新不足和理论研究框架不丰富的问题。未来的研究可以运用过程结果法、文本分析、访谈、问卷调查和统计分析等多种研究方法,综合心理学、社会学和认知语言学的理论知识,探究本族语同伴反馈的认知特征及其体现的哲学思想,对比本族语同伴反馈和二语同伴反馈的异同并究其根源,以便拓宽同伴反馈研究,丰富同伴反馈理论研究框架。
中图分类号:H315
文献标志码:A文章编号:1009-4474(2017)04-0052-07
A Critical Review of Peer Feedback Studies on L2 Writing
QIU Yingying1,2, MA Guanghui1
(1.School of Foreign Languages and Culture, Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097; 2.Faculty of Foreign Languages, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China)
Key words:peer feedback; L2 writing; type of feedback;efficacy of feedback; acceptance of feedback; training of feedback
Abstract: Peer feedback, one of the central components at the reviewing and revising stages, has captured the interests of second language (L2) writing researchers.The literature review of peer feedback reveals that the relevant studies focus mainly on: 1) the type of peer feedback; 2) the efficacy of peer feedback; 3) the acceptance of peer feedback; and 4) the training of peer feedback; void, however, in the studies on features of native peer feedback, cognitive studies on feedback text, and innovative research methods to enrich theoretical framework. By the methods of process analysis, text analysis, interviews, questionnaires, and statistical analysis etc., future researches can explore cognitive characteristics of native peer feedback and the philosophy reflected in it and compare the differences and similarities of peer feedback from native speakers and second language learners. Comprehensive use of theoretical knowledge in psychology, sociology and cognitive linguistics can broaden peer feedback research and enrich theoretical framework of peer feedback.
在过去的几十年中,写作教学已经从传统的、以教师为中心的产出方式转变为新型的、聚焦学生写作过程的范式〔1〕。在写作过程中学习者在各种相互关联的产出和监管活动中(包括构思、起草、审查和修改)发现和修订自身的想法,试图最大化表达意思〔2〕。二语写作教学引入过程写作法(process writing)后,反馈成为其重要组成部分。
从20世纪70年代起,国外学者开始关注同伴反馈在母语写作教学中的作用的研究〔3~4〕,并将其引入二语写作教学研究,认为它是“反馈者针对写作者的产出提供的信息,为写作者修改文章提供建议”〔5〕。……
