张霞　张芳　高晓娟　雍婧姣　张文华　赵建军　王汉卿

[摘要]比较不同干燥方法对黑果枸杞的外观性状、口感、活性成分含量及其抗氧化活性的影响，指导黑果枸杞生产实践。分别将冷冻干燥、低温干燥和自然烘干的黑果枸杞用福林酚比色法、紫外分光光度法、消光系数法和DPPH法、FRAP法测定总多酚、原花青素、花色苷含量及抗氧化活性。结果表明，干燥方法对黑果枸杞的性状、口感、活性成分含量及抗氧化活性均产生一定程度影响。冷冻干燥后黑果枸杞外观性状及口感均佳，水分含量低，总多酚、原花青素、花色苷含量低于自然晾干者，但其清除DPPH自由基能力最强；自然晾干者外观形状及口感较差，水分含量高，但其3种活性成分含量最高，FRAP法测得的抗氧化活性最强。因此应综合考虑性状、口感、抗氧化活性及生产成本选择黑果枸杞的干燥方法。

[关键词]黑果枸杞； 干燥方法； 活性成分； 抗氧化

[Abstract]To compare the appearances， tastes， contents of bioactive components and antioxidant activity of Lyceum ruthenicum under different drying methods， so as to direct its production practice The folinphenol colorimetric method， UV， extinction coefficient method and DPPH， as well as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching （FRAP） method to determine the contents of polyphenols， proanthocyanidins， total anthocyanin and antioxidant activity under different drying methods： vacuum freeze drying， lowtemperature oven drying and air drying for L ruthenicum The results showed that the drying methods had certain effects on its appearances， tastes， contents of bioactive components and antioxidant activity The appearances and tastes were best after the L ruthenicum was dried by vacuum freeze drying， with significantly lower moisture than air drying method The contents of total polyphenols， anthocyanin and proanthocyanidins were highest by airdrying but lowest by low temperature oven drying in L ruthenicum The scavenging ability to DPPH was strongest by freezedrying and lowest by low temperature oven drying， while the antioxidant activity was strongest by airdrying in the FRAT method In addition， the appearances and tastes were poor in air drying， with higher moisture but highest contents of the three bioactive components Therefore， the drying methods for L ruthenicum shall be comprehensively considered.

[Key words]Lycium ruthenicum； drying methods； bioactive component； antioxidant activity

黑果枸杞Lycium ruthenicum Murr为茄科枸杞属多年生灌木，主要分布在我国西北干旱地区[1]，具有较强的抗干旱和抗盐碱特性，为重要的生态植物[2]。其干燥成熟的果实为常用民族药。藏药典籍《晶珠本草》载黑果枸杞可用于治疗心脏病、月经不调、停经等[3]；《维吾尔药志》载其可用于治疗尿道结石、癣疥、牙龈出血等[4]。现代研究表明，黑果枸杞含有大量的原花青素、花青素、多糖等活性成分及氨基酸、維生素等多种营养成分，具有抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、清除自由基等多种生理活性[2，58]。

黑果枸杞传统的干燥方法为自然晾干。……