王琦+刘京晶+斯金平+朱玉球+秦朗+张菊玲

[摘要]为揭示铁皮石斛多糖积累的规律，明确采收时机对铁皮石斛多糖的影响，该研究在组培室恒温条件下，于2015年12月至2016年11月预培养铁皮石斛D21无性系小苗至1 cm左右，然后转接培养2～5个月后采收，用苯酚硫酸法测定多糖含量、柱前衍生UPLC分析单糖组分的差异，结果显示多糖及其关键组分甘露糖的含量与培养月龄呈正相关，但各种培养月龄多糖含量均在5—6月份具有峰值，并与大田种植条件下的趋势吻合，表明即使在组培室恒定条件下，采收季节仍然显著影响多糖及其组分的含量，这种植物内在调控的多糖积累动态变化趋势可能与铁皮石斛固有的感知四季变化的生命节律有关。

[关键词]铁皮石斛； 采收季节； 培养月龄； 多糖； 单糖

[Abstract]In order to reveal the accumulation trend of polysaccharides in Dendrobium catenatum and determine the effect of sampling time on polysaccharides， D Catenatum D21 clone was harvested from January to December after culturing for 2 to 5 months in the growth chamber with constant temperature Polysaccharides were determined by phenolsulfuric acid method and the monosaccharide compositions were analyzed by precolumn derivativeUPLC The results showed that the content of polysaccharide and its key component mannose was positively correlated with the culture time， but the contents of polysaccharides in all kinds of culture peaked from 5 to 6 months， which were consistent with the trend of field planting The results suggested that the trend of polysaccharide accumulation in the plant could be related to the life rhythm of the sensory seasons of D catenatum， which was significantly affected by the harvesting season， even under the constant condition of the culture chamber.

[Key words]Dendrobium catenatum； sampling time； culture time； polysaccharides； monosaccharide composition

鐵皮石斛Dendrobium catenatum （D officinale）[1]是我国传统名贵中药材，具有增强免疫力、抗肿瘤、滋阴清热、益胃生津等功效[2]。20世纪90年代以来，随着铁皮石斛产业化关键技术的突破，产业得到迅速发展[37]，但目前仍然存在生产周期长、成本高，产品质量易受环境影响等问题，因而有学者提出组培、发酵工厂化生产的建议。为此，本文以无菌、恒温培养的铁皮石斛无性系为研究对象，以其主要的功效成分多糖为评价指标，研究恒温条件下采收季节与培养月龄对铁皮石斛多糖及其组分的影响，探索铁皮石斛多糖积累机制与工厂化生产的可行性。

1材料与方法

11样品供试材料为铁皮石斛D21无性系，由浙江农林大学国家林业局铁皮石斛工程技术研究中心自主选育。……