左丹丹+黄金文+岳梅+刘盛萍+邓呈逊

摘 要：该文采用土壤盆栽试验，研究高丹草、田菁2种草本植物分别与改良剂联合作用对矿区土壤养分条件和可交换态重金属Cu、Zn、As、Cd含量的影响。结果表明，废弃地土壤在不经任何处理自然放置120d后，有机质和有效磷含量增加不明显，全氮和速效钾含量降低，可交换态重金属元素含量变化不显著，植物-改良剂联合处理后，全氮、有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量显著提升，土壤肥力改善明显，可交换态重金属有微量残留，可见植物-改良剂联合修复重金属污染土壤具有可行性。

关键词：矾矿；植物修复；养分；可交换态重金属

中图分类号 X53 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2017）20-0047-04

Effects of Plant Restoration on the Soil Nutrient and Heavy Metal Content of the Abandoned Land in Lujiang Alunite Mine

Zuo Dandan1 et al.

（1Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering，Hefei University，Hefei 230601，China）

Abstract：Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of the combination of the pacesetter and sesbania cannabina on soil nutrient condition and exchangeable heavy metal Cu，Zn，As and Cd in the mining area respectively.The results showed that it is not obvious that the content of organic matter and effective phosphorus increased，the content of total nitrogen and instant potassium decreased，and the content of the exchangeable heavy metal elements was not significant when the soil in the abandoned land had been disposed of for 120 days without any treatment.After the combined treatment of plants and modifiers，the content of total nitrogen，organic matter，effective phosphorus and instant potassium increased significantly，the soil fertility was improved obviously，and the exchangeable heavy metals had trace residues.The above indicated that the combination of plant-modifying agent and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil was feasible.

Key words：Alunite mine；Plant restoration；Nutrient；Exchangeable heavy metal

矾山镇矾矿是安徽省大中型闭坑矿山，矿石储量达2亿t，矿石类型以黄铁矿、石英、明矾石矿石为主，已开采近千年，堆积了近5000万t的废石，大约形成了30000m2裸露的废弃地[1-3]。废弃地土壤受废石产酸影响，其重金属含量高，对植物的生长造成毒害生境。近年来，筛选超富集植物修复重金属污染土壤成为了植物修复的热点，但由于超富集植物一般具有植株矮小、生长缓慢、生物量低、周期长等缺点，导致其在实际的工程应用中較少[4]。因此，国内外诸多学者利用非食用且具有经济价值的普通植物，并结合向污染土壤中添加改良剂的方法来修复矿区污染土壤，这是一条行之有效的途径[5-6]。本文研究比较了高丹草和田菁2种草本植物与改良剂联合作用于矾矿废弃地土壤的修复效果，通过修复前后土壤养分条件和有效态重金属含量的测定分析，揭示废弃地土壤经过植物-改良剂修复后土壤养分及可交换态重金属变化的原因，为今后的矿区废弃地植物修复提供理论依据。……