徐晓燕+吕年青+查树伟+傅雅丽+程雁+许豪勤

[摘要]目的 对江苏流动人口孕前优生健康知识、意愿及服务利用进行调查，对推动流动人口有效参与免费孕前优生健康检查项目进行探讨。方法 2015年1～6月对600名流动人口开展问卷调查基础上，对苏南、苏中、苏北三个项目点18名基层计生专业干部进行个人深入访谈定性调查。结果 流动人口年龄以20～30岁居多，一般居住在1年以上，文化程度初中到大专，主要是务工、经商；对优生优育知识掌握一般，知晓渠道主要是网络、电视、咨询服务和主动宣传；对孕前优生健康检查参检率偏低，缺乏主动性；检查服务享受和常住人口均等化服务。结论 流动人口是推进孕前免费优生健康检查项目全覆盖的难点和重点，加强对流动人口孕前保健的专题研究，强化对流动人口的掌握和宣传，提高宣传教育的精准性，提升对孕前健康检查的知晓度和依从性。

[关键词]流动人口；孕前優生健康；知识意愿；服务利用；调查分析

[中图分类号] R173 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）09（a）-0139-04

Utilization of healthybirth before pregnancy in the floating population

XU Xiao-yan LYU Nian-qing ZHA Shu-wei FU Ya-li CHENG Yan XU Hao-qin▲

Institute of Planned Parenthood Research，Jiangsu Province，Nanjing 210036，China

[Abstract]Objectives To investigate the health knowledge，intention and behavior of floating population before pregnancy in Jiangsu Province.Methods 18 Family planning cadres were deeply interviewed in 3 project sites of the southern，the central and the northern region of Jiangsu during the first half of 2015 on the basis of the survey of 600 floating population.Results Most floating population aged from 20 to 30 years were workers and businessmen，having middle school education to junior college education and living in one place for more than 1 year.They had general knowledge of prenatal and postnatal care，the main channel was network，TV，consulting services and active promotion.The rate of participating in pre-pregnancy health examination was low which showed lack of initiative of floating population，even though they enjoy the same quality services as the permanent residents.Conclusions Floating population is the emphasis and difficulty for promoting the complete coverage of the free pre-pregnancy health examination.To strengthening the research in the pre-pregnancy care of floating population and enhance the education of floating population，so as to promote more floating population to participate in pre-pregnancy health examination.

[Key words]Floating population；Healthy birth before pregnancy；Knowledge desire；Service utilization；Investigation and analysis

国家免费孕前优生健康检查的实施，实现了预防出生缺陷的关口前移，有效提高了一级预防的综合干预覆盖面，取得了积极成效[1]。由于流动人口这个特殊群体的自身特点及需求，针对其开展的孕前优生健康检查仍然存在较多问题[2-5]。到2014年末我国流动人口已达2.53亿人[6]。将流动人口全部纳入到孕前优生健康检查项目全覆盖中，是中央提出的“一个也不能少”，惠及更多人口的总体目标体现，也是推进“健康中国”建设，全面实现“中国梦”的内在要求。……