李军++王红燕++张燃++郝彩琴

[摘要]目的 考察秦艽不同醇提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和福氏志贺菌的体外抑菌效果。方法 采用牛津杯法和试管二倍稀释法联合琼脂平板法测定以无水乙醇、65%乙醇和水为溶剂的秦艽提取物对4种细菌的体外抑菌活性和最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果 3种秦艽醇提物中，65%乙醇提取物的抑菌效果最好，对粪链球菌和表皮葡萄球菌的抑菌作用较强，其MIC分别为7.83 g/L和15.63 g/L，对金黄色葡萄球菌的 MIC为62.50 g/L。结论 秦艽65%乙醇提取物对粪链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性较强，为合理使用该类药材提供实验依据。

[关键词]秦艽醇提物；抑菌活性；最低抑菌浓度；比较

[中图分类号] R286.0 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）09（a）-0130-03

Comparison of antibacterial activities of different ethanol extracts from Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix

LI Jun WANG Hong-yan ZHANG Ran HAO Cai-qin▲

Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Technology，Ningxia Polytechnic College in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region，Yinchuan 750021，China

[Abstract]Objective To analyze the in vitro antimicrobial activities of different ethanol extracts from Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix to Staphylococcus aureus，Staphylococcus epidermidis，Enterococcus faecalis and Shigella flexneri.Methods Oxford cup method and two fold dilution test tube combined with agar plate method were used to determine the antibacterial activities in vitro and minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） of different extracts with ethanol，65% ethanol and water as solvent of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix on four kinds of bacteria.Results Three kinds of ethanol extracts of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radi had certain antibacterial effects on bacteria，and the 65% ethanol extract was the best one，which antibacterial activities to Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus epidermidis were stronger and MIC was 7.83 g/L and 15.63g/L separately.MIC of Staphylococcus aureus was 62.50 g/L.Conclusion 65% extracts of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radi have a stronger antibacterial activity for Enterococcus faecium，Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus，which provides the experimental basis for the rational use of this kind of medicinal herbs.

[Key words]Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix；Antibacterial activity；Minimal inhibitory concentration；Comparison

秦艽（Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix）為龙胆科龙胆属多年生草本植物，为临床常用中药[1]，《中国药典》2015 年版规定其来源为秦艽（Gentiana macrophylla Pall.）、麻花秦艽 （Gentiana straminea Maxim.）、粗茎秦艽（Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.）和小秦艽（Gentiana dahurica Fisch.）的干燥根[2]。其主要化学成分有环烯醚萜苷类、黄酮类及三萜类、木脂素类和大叶苷等[3-5]。秦艽作为重要的传统中药之一，被列为中品，《神农本草经》记载其味苦、平，性微寒，可祛风湿、舒筋络、清虚热、利湿退黄[6]，为祛风湿、清热之首药。龙胆苦苷作为其主要活性成分具有抗菌、消炎、保肝利胆、健胃等生物活性[7-9]。目前，有关秦艽提取物的抑菌活性已有报道[10-11]，但有关不同浓度乙醇提取物对致病菌的抑菌活性比较未见报道。故本研究利用不同浓度乙醇提取秦艽有效成分测定其抑菌活性，进一步推测判断其抑菌的活性部位或成分，以期为秦艽资源的进一步开发和利用提供理论依据。……