郑燕清,傅志军,薛甜甜

(宝鸡文理学院/陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室，陕西 宝鸡 721013)

甘肃省气候舒适度评价与区划

郑燕清,傅志军*,薛甜甜

(宝鸡文理学院/陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室，陕西 宝鸡 721013)

利用甘肃省27个台站1960～2015年气象数据，采用温湿指数、风效指数、着衣指数等3个气候舒适度评价模型，计算得到各月舒适度等级值、时段与年综合舒适度指数；在此基础上通过GIS空间插值生成甘肃省综合舒适度空间分布图并划分了旅游气候区。结果表明：甘肃省各地的气候舒适期长度多在3～5个月，大部分地区从4月到10月都比较适合开展户外旅游活动，特别是5月、6月和9月，普遍达到最适宜期。冬季则普遍为不舒适期。全省可划分为河西走廊文化生态旅游区、陇中黄河文化旅游区、甘南高原民族风情区和陇东南山水文化旅游区等4个旅游气候舒适区。

气候舒适度；甘肃省；旅游；舒适度指数

Abstract： According to the meteorological data of 27 stations in Gansu province from 1960 to 2015, by using three models for evaluating climate comfortableness (temperature-humidity index, wind effect index, and index of clothing), we calculated the level of climate comfortableness in each month and the synthetic comfortableness index in each year or in a certain period. On this basis, the spatial distribution map of comprehensive climate comfortableness in Gansu province was generated through the GIS spatial interpolation, and the tourism climate zones were divided. The results showed that the climate comfortable duration in different areas of Gansu province was mostly 3～5 months. In most areas, the outdoor tourism activities were suitable to be carried out from April to October, especially in May, June and September. Winter was generally uncomfortable period. The whole Gansu province could be divided into 4 tourism climate comfortale zones: the cultural and ecological tourism zone in Hexi Corridor, the Yellow River cultural tourism zone in central Gansu, the plateau ethnic custom zone in southern Gansu, and the landscape cultural tourism zone in southeastern Gansu.

Keywords： Climate comfortableness; Gansu province; Tourism; Comfortable index

0 引言

气候舒适度有多种称谓，如气候宜人性、人居气候舒适度或旅游气候舒适度等。气候舒适度是气温、日照、风速、湿度等多种体感要素在气象视角下的综合反映，是对气候资源进行横向比较与科学评判的重要指标之一[1]。有关气候舒适度的研究已有近百年的历史[2]，20世纪20年代Houghton等[3]通过室内人体感知实验，提出了等舒适线和有效温度指数概念，当时其考虑要素仅包括气温和湿度，但由此开启了采用针对性经验模型对气候舒适度进行基于统计结果的定量化评价的序幕；……