李 波，李 伟，王 涛*，李文卿，徐学生，林贵青

(1.浙江中烟工业有限责任公司，浙江 杭州 310008；2.福建省南平市烟草公司 浦城分公司，福建 浦城 353400；3.福建省烟草科学研究所，福建 福州 350003)

改良漂浮育苗对烟株生长及烤后烟叶质量的影响

李 波1，李 伟2，王 涛2*，李文卿3，徐学生2，林贵青2

(1.浙江中烟工业有限责任公司，浙江 杭州 310008；2.福建省南平市烟草公司 浦城分公司，福建 浦城 353400；3.福建省烟草科学研究所，福建 福州 350003)

研究了改良漂浮育苗与常规漂浮育苗方法对烟苗成苗素质及移栽后生长发育的影响，结果表明：改良漂浮育苗在苗期出苗较对照早1 d，进入十字期较对照延迟4 d；在烟苗素质方面，改良漂浮育苗在地上部及地下部干重均显著高于对照，其他素质测定方面均表现为改良漂浮育苗高于对照，但差异不显著；在移栽后15、30 d、团棵期,改良漂浮育苗均有一定的优势，在前期主要在地下部及地上部存在显著差异，随着烟叶生长，差异性逐渐减小；在大田生育期，2种育苗方式的生育期在一个阶段存在细微差异，总体的田间生长期相当，在株高、叶片数、茎围等方面表现出显著性差异。

烤烟；改良漂浮育苗；生长发育；产量；质量

Abstract： This paper studied the impacts of various breeding treatments (the treatment T1, improved float breeding; the control CK, conventional float breeding) on the quality of tobacco seedlings and their growth after being transplanted. The results showed that the emergence date of tobacco seedlings in T1was 1 day earlier than that in CK, while the cross stage in T1was 4 days later than that in CK. The overground dry weight and underground dry weight of tobacco seedlings in T1were significantly higher than those in CK; the other quality indexes of tobacco seedlings in T1were also higher than those in CK, but the differences did not reach a significant level. On the 15thday and the 30thday after transplanting, and at resetting stage, tobacco plants in T1had certain advantages in overground dry weight and underground dry weight; along with the growth of tobacco plants, the difference in quality indexes between T1and CK was gradually decreased. The field growth period of tobacco plants in T1was similar to that in CK, but there was a significant difference in plant height, leaf number and stem diameter between T1and CK.

Keywords： Flue-cured tobacco; Improved float breeding; Growth and development; Yield; Quality

培育优质壮苗是当今烟叶生产的第一要务。近年来，福建省南平烟区均采用常规漂浮育苗技术，烤烟漂浮育苗是一种先进的育苗方式，其生产效率较高，适用于烟叶生产的专业化和规模化[1-4]。在育苗技术研究方面，国内许多学者对烤烟育苗技术进行了相关研究，主要涵盖基质改良、沙培育苗、改良措施、育苗方式等。……