动植物有机肥对烤烟根际土壤酶活性及微生物碳氮的影响
2017-10-12卫宣志郭芳阳李建华张军召张东峰
王 满,卫宣志,郭芳阳,李建华,张军召,张东峰
(1.河南省许昌市烟草公司 许昌县分公司,河南 许昌 461000;2.河南农业大学,河南 郑州 450002;3.河南省农业科学院 烟草研究所,河南 许昌 461000;4.河南省烟草公司 许昌市公司,河南 许昌 461000;5.河南省许昌市建安区动物疫病预防控制中心,河南 许昌 461000)
动植物有机肥对烤烟根际土壤酶活性及微生物碳氮的影响
王 满1,卫宣志2,郭芳阳3*,李建华4,张军召5,张东峰1
(1.河南省许昌市烟草公司 许昌县分公司,河南 许昌 461000;2.河南农业大学,河南 郑州 450002;3.河南省农业科学院 烟草研究所,河南 许昌 461000;4.河南省烟草公司 许昌市公司,河南 许昌 461000;5.河南省许昌市建安区动物疫病预防控制中心,河南 许昌 461000)
为明确动植物有机肥在改良土壤和提高肥力方面的作用,采用田间试验,以芝麻饼肥为对照,研究动植物有机肥对烤烟根际土壤性状的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,施用动植物有机肥明显提高了土壤脲酶、土壤多酚氧化酶活性,增加了土壤微生物碳、微生物氮含量,其中动植物有机肥处理C在移栽后60 d显著增加了脲酶活性,在移栽后30 d显著增加蔗糖酶活性,在移栽后30 d和60 d显著增加了多酚氧化酶活性,在移栽后30 d显著增加了微生物碳和微生物氮数量。施用动植物有机肥的处理C,无论对土壤酶活性还是土壤微生物碳、微生物氮作用均最明显。
动植物有机肥;烤烟;土壤酶活性;根际;土壤微生物碳氮
Abstract: In order to clarify the function of animal and plant organic fertilizer in soil improvement and fertility increase, the author used sesame cake fertilizer as the control, and studied the impacts of animal and plant organic fertilizer on the properties of rhizospheric soil of flue-cured tobacco through field experiments. The experimental results showed that: in comparison with the control, the application of animal and plant organic fertilizer obviously improved the activities of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil, and increased the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in soil. In the treatment C (applying animal and plant organic fertilizer 600 kg/hm2and so on), the activity of soil urease significantly rose 60 d after transplanting; the activity of soil sucrase significantly rose 30 d after transplanting; the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase significantly rose during 30~60 d after transplanting; the soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen significantly increased 30 d after transplanting. Thus, the treatment C had the most obvious effects on not only enzymatic activity but also microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizospheric soil of flue-cured tobacco.
Keywords: Animal and plant organic fertilizer; Flue-cured tobacco; Rhizospheric soil enzymatic activity; Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen
长期大量施用无机化肥,破坏了土壤原有的理化性状,导致土壤板结、有效微生物数量降低、有机质含量低、土壤容重降低、团粒结构被破坏、通透性变差、土壤质量退化、营养失衡[1-3],因此,如何修复土壤、提高土壤肥力,是长期以来科研工作者十分重要的问题。……
