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品种和部位对鸡肉原料特性及其加工性能影响的研究进展

2017-09-07周倩惠腾刘毅戴瑞彤

肉类研究 2017年7期

周倩+惠腾+刘毅+戴瑞彤

摘 要:鸡肉的营养价值和性价比较高,深受消费者青睐,在我国的消费量不断上升。但我国鸡肉消费主要以白条鸡和分割鸡肉产品为主,加工产品较少,深加工程度较低,相对于消费者对高品质鸡肉产品的需求处于滞后状态。本文综述了鸡肉的品种和部位对鸡肉的肌纤维特性、蛋白质与脂质组成、质地、色泽与水分等原料肉特性及保水性与凝胶特性等加工性能的影响,为合理选择鸡肉品种和部位,加工生产优质鸡肉产品提供理论依据。

关键词:鸡肉;品种;部位;原料肉特性;加工性能

A Review of Effects of Breeds and Anatomic Locations on Physicochemical Properties and Processing Characteristics of Chicken Meat

ZHOU Qian, HUI Teng, LIU Yi, DAI Ruitong*

(College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Chinese Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract: Chicken, a cost-effective meat product with high nutritional value, is preferred by consumers over other meat sources. Chicken consumption in China increases year by year. However, whole chicken carcasses or parts (such as chicken breast, wings and legs) are mainly consumed in our country. Only a few processed chicken products are available in the market, which cannot meet consumers demand for high quality chicken products. The effects of breeds and muscle locations on physicochemical properties and processing characteristics, such as muscle fiber characteristics, protein and lipid composition, texture, color, moisture, water-holding capacity and gelling properties of meat are reviewed herein. Hopefully, this article can provide a theoretical basis for the rational selection of breeds and muscle locations of chicken meat and the production of high quality chicken products.

Key words: chicken; breeds; anatomic location; raw meat characteristics; processing characteristics

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201707010

中图分类号:TS251.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2017)07-0057-05

引文格式:

周倩, 惠腾, 刘毅, 等. 品种和部位对鸡肉原料特性及其加工性能影响的研究进展[J]. 肉类研究, 2017, 31(7): 57-61. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201707010. http://www.rlyj.pub

ZHOU Qian, HUI Teng, LIU Yi, et al. A review of effects of breeds and anatomic locations on physicochemical properties and processing characteristics of chicken meatt[J]. Meat Research, 2017, 31(7): 57-61. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201707010. http://www.rlyj.pub

雞肉营养丰富,被誉为膳食蛋白质的“最佳来源”。每100 g鸡肉含能量167.0 kcal、蛋白质19.3 g、脂肪9.4 g、水分69.0 g。鸡肉富含多种维生素,同时也是磷、铜、铁、锌等矿物质的良好来源[1-2]。鸡肉蛋白质中的氨基酸种类齐全,必需氨基酸含量高,其中赖氨酸和色氨酸含量远超过国际食品法典委员会(Codex Alimentarius Commission,CAC)的推荐摄入量。鸡肉以白肉为主,脂肪和胆固醇含量较低,有益于人体健康。与猪肉、牛肉相比,鸡肉脂质中含有较多的不饱和脂肪酸,对调节血脂、预防心血管疾病有重要作用[1]。鸡肉的食用很少牵涉宗教问题,往往使其消费量大于红肉[3]。近年来,随着经济的快速发展,鸡肉消费量不断攀升。2014年,猪肉和牛肉在我国的消费量分别为5 716.9 万t和689.0 万t,年均增长率分别为2.4%和2.1%,而同年鸡肉在我国的消费量为1 334.0 万t,年均增长率为3.7%。……

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