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SPME—GC—NPD法测定肉制品中挥发性N—亚硝胺的条件优化

2017-09-07张甜樊晓盼熊凤娇王娜杨华马俪珍

肉类研究 2017年7期

张甜+樊晓盼+熊凤娇+王娜+杨华+马俪珍

摘 要:利用固相微萃取(solid-phase microextraction,SPME)結合气相色谱-氮磷检测器(gas chromatography-nitrogen-phosphorus detector,GC-NPD)测定肉制品中9 种挥发性N-亚硝胺。通过优化平衡时间、解析时间、萃取时间、萃取温度、NaCl浓度和转速确定9 种挥发性N-亚硝胺的最佳萃取条件。结果表明:以PDMS/DVB/CAR为萃取头,平衡时间10 min、萃取温度40 ℃、萃取时间30 min、搅拌速率400 r/min、NaCl质量浓度0.36 g/mL、解吸时间3 min时能得到最佳萃取效果。采用SPME结合GC-NPD测定9 种N-亚硝胺的线性相关系数为0.994 9~0.999 7,检出限为0.01~10.00 ng/mL,定量限为0.03~33.00 ng/mL,回收率为50.19%~93.20%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为2.29%~9.65%。该方法可以满足肉制品中N-二甲基亚硝胺(N-nitrosodimethylamine,NDMA)、N-二乙基亚硝胺(N-nitrosodiethylamine,NDEA)、N-二丙基亚硝胺(N-nitrosodipropylamine,NDPA)和N-二丁基亚硝胺(N-nitrosodibutylamine,NDBA)这4 种物质含量的测定。

关键词:固相微萃取;肉制品;N-亚硝胺;萃取条件

Optimization of Extraction Conditions for the Determination of Volatile N-Nitrosamines in Meat Products Using Solid-Phase Microextraction Combined with Gas Chromatography with Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detection

ZHANG Tian1, FAN Xiaopan2, XIONG Fengjiao2, WANG Na2,*, YANG Hua2, MA Lizhen2

(1.College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;

2.College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China)

Abstract: Nine volatile N-nitrosamines in meat products were extracted by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and determined by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection (GC-NPD). The optimum extraction conditions were established as follows: using PDMS/DVB/CAR fiber, equilibrium time 10 min, extraction time 30 min, extraction temperature 40 ℃, stirring speed 400 r/min, concentration of NaCl 0.36 g/mL, and desorption time 3 min. The linear correlation coefficients for the nine analytes were 0.994 9?0.999 7. The limits of detection were 0.01?10.00 ng/mL,

and the limits of quantification were 0.03?33.00 ng/mL. The recoveries of the presented method were in the range of 50.19%?93.20%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.29%?9.65%. In conclusion, the method could be used for the determination of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodipropylamine (NDPA), and N-nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA) in meat products.

Key words: solid-phase microextraction; meat product; N-nitrosamines; extraction conditions

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201707009

中图分类号:TS251.6 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2017)07-0050-07

引文格式:

张甜, 樊晓盼, 熊凤娇, 等. SPME-GC-NPD法测定肉制品中挥发性N-亚硝胺的条件优化[J]. 肉类研究, 2017, 31(7):

50-56. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201707009. http://www.rlyj.pubendprint

ZHANG Tian, FAN Xiaopan, XIONG Fengjiao, et al. Optimization of extraction conditions for the determination of volatile N-nitrosamines in meat products using solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection[J]. Meat Research, 2017, 31(7): 50-56. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201707009. http://www.rlyj.pub

N-亚硝胺是一種N-亚硝基化合物,其化学通式为R1R2N—N=O。它是由二级胺与亚硝化剂反应生成的,例如作为肉制品加工中的亚硝化剂,亚硝酸盐或硝酸盐与其降解产生的二级胺反应就会形成N-亚硝胺[1]。许多动物实验已经证明大部分N-亚硝胺有致癌、致畸和致突变性[2-3]。在日常饮食中,它会在食品的前处理、加工和保存过程中产生[4]。N-亚硝胺不仅可以在外界环境中形成,还可以直接在人体内形成,尤其是在人的胃里[5]。

肉制品的组成成分十分复杂,且待测组分含量很低,因此在分析检测N-亚硝胺前对样品中的N-亚硝胺进行提取和富集至关重要[5]。美国环境保护局规定在残留物分析中要减少或代替有机溶剂的使用,特别是含有卤族元素的有机溶剂[6]。……

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