李俊+张惠红

摘 要：为探讨心肺耐力、身体成分与血管机能水平之间的关系，对某社区667名参与者的心肺耐力、身体成分和血管机能相关指标进行检测。研究结果：年龄与VO_2max、身体成分和血管机能水平具有明显的相关性；VO_2max与CAVI和血压呈负相关，在控制年龄变量后，VO_2max与ABI呈正相关，VO_2max在不同CAVI水平上呈显著性差异，BMI与CAVI、ABI和血压均具有明显相关性，在控制年龄变量后，体脂比例与CAVI和ABI呈负相关关系，肌肉比例与CAVI和ABI呈正相关关系，并且2项指标在ABI正常组和异常组之间表现出显著性差异；VO_2max和身体成分在不同心血管疾病风险等级上均具有显著性差异。结论：随着年龄增长，体适能和血管机能水平均发生不同程度的降低。心肺耐力和身体成分与CAVI和ABI有关，可以间接反映出早期血管僵硬和阻塞程度。肥胖是诱导糖尿病、心血管等慢性疾病的危险因子，心肺耐力与肌肉含量可能是影响慢性疾病的保护因子。

关键词：心肺耐力；身体成分；血管机能；心血管疾病

中图分类号：G 804.2 文章编号：1009-783X（2017）04-0379-06 文献标识码：A

Abstract： In this study， the related indicators including Vo2max， body composition and vascular function of 667 participants in a community were tested. The relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness， body composition and vascular function was discussed. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between age and cardiorespiratory fitness， body composition and vascular function. VO2max was negatively correlated with CAVI and blood pressure. VO2max was positively correlated with ABI when age variable was controlled. There were significant differences in VO2max among different levels of CAVI. There was a significant correlation between BMI and CAVI， ABI and blood pressure. After controlling age variable， body fat% was negatively correlated with CAVI and ABI， while body muscle% was positively correlated with them. There were significant differences in body fat% and body muscle% between normal and abnormal ABI groups. VO2max and body composition had significant differences among different risks of cardiovascular disease. In conclusion， with the growth of age， there are declines in physical fitness and vascular function in different degrees. Cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition which are correlated with CAVI and ABI could indirectly reflect the early vascular stiffness and obstruction. Obesity is a risk factor for chronic diseases which can induce diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle content may be protective factors for chronic diseases.

Keywords： cardiorespiratory fitness； body composition； vascular function； cardiovascular disease

世界衛生组织在2014年发布的《2014年全球非传染性疾病现状报告》中指出，目前全球死亡人数中约有68%死于非传染性慢性疾病，而中国源于慢性疾病的死亡率可能已经超过了80%，非传染性慢性病已经成为人类健康的头号杀手[1]。不良的生活习惯及运动不足导致肥胖、高血压、高血脂等危险因素的发生，而这些因素又是诱导糖尿病、心脑血管等慢性疾病的主要因子。这些慢性疾病的发生过程总是伴随着机体血管机能水平的异常改变，血管病变可以认为是绝大部分慢性疾病共同的发病机理；……